2011
DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.011992
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Femtosecond laser fabrication of birefringent directional couplers as polarization beam splitters in fused silica

Abstract: Integrated polarization beam splitters based on birefringent directional couplers are demonstrated. The devices are fabricated in bulk fused silica glass by femtosecond laser writing (300 fs, 150 nJ at 500 kHz, 522 nm). The birefringence was measured from the spectral splitting of the Bragg grating resonances associated with the vertically and horizontally polarized modes. Polarization splitting directional couplers were designed and demonstrated with 0.5 dB/cm propagation losses and -19 dB and -24 dB extincti… Show more

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Cited by 73 publications
(51 citation statements)
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“…2(a)]. In this way, the birefringence reported above for the present PSBGW is sevenfold more precise than values previously available from BGWs [15,16]. Further, the narrow transmission bands reported here (22 pm) compare well to the 30 pm width obtained by phase mask scanning [12] or 10 pm width obtained by a phase-shifted phase mask [11].…”
supporting
confidence: 79%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…2(a)]. In this way, the birefringence reported above for the present PSBGW is sevenfold more precise than values previously available from BGWs [15,16]. Further, the narrow transmission bands reported here (22 pm) compare well to the 30 pm width obtained by phase mask scanning [12] or 10 pm width obtained by a phase-shifted phase mask [11].…”
supporting
confidence: 79%
“…This birefringence, which can be due to asymmetric stresses induced by the femtosecond laser-writing process [14], has previously been harnessed to make integrated waveguide retarders [15] and polarization beam splitters [16]. The increased precision in the birefringence measurement offered by the PSBGW could be used in the design of these devices, or to assist with the tuning of laser conditions to form nonbirefringent waveguide devices, as discussed in [16]. The 3 dB bandwidth of the narrow transmission band of the π-PSBGW was measured to be 22 3 pm, as shown in the inset in Fig.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These FBGs have been used as optical waveguides, waveguide retarders, polarization beam splitters, optical edge filters, temperature-compensated fiber-optic 3D shape sensor, etc. [229,321,323,[396][397][398][399][400]. Fig.…”
Section: Applications Of Femtosecond Laser Induced Nanogratingsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As a perspective, a PBS could be integrated following the same scheme already presented in refs. 16, 17. The combination of these components should enable the demonstration of a fully integrated QST chip.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Polarization-dependent1617 or -independent5 directional couplers have been also reported, bringing to the realization of an integrated polarization-based quantum logic gate17, as well as complex interferometric structures for quantum simulation18.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%