Femtosecond Laser-Induced Ionization/Dissociation of Protonated Peptides

Kalcic, Christine L.; Gunaratne, Tissa C.; Jones, A. Daniel; Dantus, Marcos; Reid, Gavin E.

doi:10.1021/ja8089119

Cited by 70 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Numerous methods (including electron initiated fragmentation, 1,2 direct bond homolysis by photolysis 3 or collisional activation, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and photoionisation 11 ) can be used to generate peptide radicals. Following radical generation, the subsequent fragmentation chemistry of the peptide is typically dominated by radical-directed processes, making the location of the radical crucial as the initiation point for fragmentation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ion–molecule reactions reveal facile radical migration in peptides

2009

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Ion–molecule reactions reveal facile radical migration in peptides

2009

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“…Gas-phase oxidation, or increasing the charge state of gas-phase ions has been observed in a variety of fragmentation methods, including He-MAD [9,26], EID and EED [16,17], and photon-based dissociation methods [20,21].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amino acid side-chain losses have been well-noted and referred to as (M • -X) regions in variety of tandem MS approaches, including UVPD [18,19], action spectroscopy [21], fs-LID [20], EID [17], EED [16], ECD [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], ETD [39], CID [40], and MAD [9]. Figure 2 to show more clearly the side-chain losses from the ionized product ions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To combat these issues, significant interest has been placed in the development of new ion activation methods, such as electronic excitation dissociation (EED) [16], electron ionization dissociation (EID) [17], ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) [18,19], femtosecond laser-induced ionization/ dissociation (fs-LID) [20], action spectroscopy (synchrotron radiation) [21], and metastable atom-activated dissociation (MAD) [22,23]. These fragmentation methods all possess a common feature-the capability of dissociating low charge state (1+ & 2+) precursor ions, thus providing complementary structural information to ETD/ECD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Charge Transfer Dissociation (CTD) Mass Spectrometry of Peptide Cations: Study of Charge State Effects and Side-Chain Losses

Jackson

2017

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Abstract. 1+, 2+, and 3+ precursors of substance P and bradykinin were subjected to helium cation irradiation in a 3D ion trap mass spectrometer. Charge exchange with the helium cations produces a variety of fragment ions, the number and type of which are dependent on the charge state of the precursor ions. For 1+ peptide precursors, fragmentation is generally restricted to C−CO backbone bonds (a and x ions), whereas for 2+ and 3+ peptide precursors, all three backbone bonds (C−CO, C−N, and N−Cα) are cleaved. The type of backbone bond cleavage is indicative of possible dissociation channels involved in CTD process, including high-energy, kinetic-based, and ETD-like pathways. In addition to backbone cleavages, amino acid side-chain cleavages are observed in CTD, which are consistent with other high-energy and radical-mediated techniques. The unique dissociation pattern and supplementary information available from side-chain cleavages make CTD a potentially useful activation method for the structural study of gas-phase biomolecules.

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“…A variety of lasers have been used for photodissociation, including CO 2 lasers (10.6 μm, 0.12 eV per photon) [24-27, 40-46, 48-52, 54-56, 61-63], F 2 excimer lasers (157 nm, 7.9 eV per photon) [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]39], ArF excimers (193 nm, 6.4 eV per photon) [57][58][59], Nd:YAG lasers (266 nm, 4.7 eV per photon [28][29][30][31][32], or 355 nm, 3.5 eV per photon [47,49]), femtosecond titanium sapphire lasers (800 nm, 1.5 eV per photon) [60], and OPO-Nd:YAG lasers that offer a tunable range from 205 nm to 2550 nm (6.0-0.49 eV per photon) [33][34][35][36][37]. As long as the laser provides sufficient power and offers a wavelength that will be absorbed by the analyte ions of interest, then it can be utilized for photodissociation.…”

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Shedding Light on the Frontier of Photodissociation

Brodbelt

2011

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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The development of new ion activation/dissociation methods is motivated by the need for more versatile ways to characterize structures of ions, especially in the growing arena of biological mass spectrometry in which better tools for determining sequences, modifications, interactions, and conformations of biopolymers are essential. Although most agree that collision-induced dissociation (CID) remains the gold standard for ion activation/dissociation, recent inroads in electron-and photon-based activation methods have cemented their role as outstanding alternatives. This article will focus on the impact of photodissociation, including its strengths and drawbacks as an analytical tool, and its potential for further development in the next decade. Moreover, the discussion will emphasize photodissociation in quadrupole ion traps, because that platform has been used for one of the greatest arrays of new applications over the past decade.Key words: Photodissociation, Ion activation, Peptide, Tandem mass spectrometry, Ion trap T he field of ion activation/dissociation remains incredibly vibrant due to the ongoing quest to improve the sequencing of biopolymers and map their modifications, to increase the sensitivity to small structural differences, to enhance the ability to differentiate isomers, to facilitate highthroughput applications, and to advance the understanding of fragmentation mechanisms for better automated spectral interpretation. CID has proven to be enormously robust and readily implemented, but insufficient energy deposition and/ or low efficiency for certain fragmentation pathways has stimulated the hunt for other options. There have been several reviews and insightful discussions of electron-based activation methods [1-6], including electron-capture dissociation (ECD) and electron-transfer dissociation (ETD), so these methods will not be extensively addressed in the present article. Examples of some of the more recent photodissociation studies are cited herein, but the citations are by no means comprehensive.Photodissociation describes the process in which ions are exposed to photons of a selected wavelength, resulting in an accumulation of internal energy that leads to dissociation [7][8][9][10]. The activation process may entail the absorption of one or more high-energy UV or visible photons (∼2-10 eV/ photon) or tens/hundreds of lower energy IR photons (ca. 0.1 eV/photon). Both pulsed and continuous-wave lasers have been used for photodissociation. The energization period may range from nanoseconds to hundreds of milliseconds based on the photon flux of the laser, the competition between ion activation and collisional cooling, and the energy deposition per photon. The ability to vary photon flux, the total irradiation period, and the selected wavelength endows photodissociation with a high degree of tunability. In fact, it is precisely this type of tunability and the increasing availability of wavelength-tunable lasers coupled to ion trapping mass spectrometers, including Fourier transform i...

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Femtosecond Laser-Induced Ionization/Dissociation of Protonated Peptides

Cited by 70 publications

References 24 publications

Ion–molecule reactions reveal facile radical migration in peptides

Ion–molecule reactions reveal facile radical migration in peptides

Charge Transfer Dissociation (CTD) Mass Spectrometry of Peptide Cations: Study of Charge State Effects and Side-Chain Losses

Shedding Light on the Frontier of Photodissociation

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