“…The control map at 67 ms only contains spurious features (Figure 4A, 66 ms), which shows that a once excited jet volume entirely left the X-ray interaction region. In all previous nanosecond time-resolved crystallographic experiments on photoactive yellow protein (Jung et al, 2013;Tenboer et al, 2014), myoglobin (Schmidt et al, 2005;Srajer et al, 1996), and others (Nogly et al, 2018;Skopintsev et al, 2020), DED features are mostly localized to the chromophore and a few residues. As a consequence, the DED map sigma level is determined by the noise in the DED map as has been shown previously (Srajer et al, 2001).…”