Fengycin Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 Inhibits Fusarium graminearum Growth and Mycotoxins Biosynthesis

Abstract

Fusarium graminearum is a notorious pathogen that causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal crops. It produces secondary metabolites, such as deoxynivalenol, diminishing grain quality and leading to lesser crop yield. Many strategies have been developed to combat this pathogenic fungus; however, considering the lack of resistant cultivars and likelihood of environmental hazards upon using chemical pesticides, efforts have shifted toward the biocontrol of plant diseases, which is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach. Fengycin, derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42, was purified from the crude extract by HPLC and further analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS. Its application resulted in structural deformations in fungal hyphae, as observed via scanning electron microscopy. In planta experiment revealed the ability of fengycin to suppress F. graminearum growth and highlighted its capacity to combat disease incidence. Fengycin significantly suppressed F. graminearum, and also reduced the deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), and zearalenone (ZEN) production in infected grains. To conclude, we report that fengycin produced by B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42 has potential as a biocontrol agent against F. graminearum and can also inhibit the mycotoxins produced by this fungus.

Green-Synthesization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Garlic and Its Antifungal Activity against Wheat Fusarium Head Blight Pathogen Fusarium graminearum

“…DON is one of the most important mycotoxins that causes damage to human and animal health [40]. The results of this study showed that the DON production of F. graminearum strain PH−1 in the GYEP medium was strongly inhibited by the biosynthesized AgNPs at different concentrations.…”

The Mode of Action of Bacillus Species against Fusarium graminearum, Tools for Investigation, and Future Prospects

“…radicicola [80], F. oxysporum [25,39], F. oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae [27], fumonisin production by F. verticillioides [82] and proliferation of F. graminearum [17,27,80,83,84,85]. On F. graminearum , fengycin causes structural deformations of the hyphae and suppresses in planta proliferation and mycotoxin production [27,84], permeabilization of hyphae [85], and in planta arrest of ear rot development of maize [83].…”

Application of antagonist Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NCPSJ7 against Botrytis cinerea in postharvest Red Globe grapes

“…Biological control using microorganisms, such as Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Trichoderma spp., and some plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strains, has been proposed for the control of diseases caused by soilborne pathogens (Sotoyama, Akutsu, & Nakajima, 2016). Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, a free-living soil bacterium, has obvious antagonistic effects through the secretion of enzymes (chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase) (Arrebola, Sivakumar, & Korsten, 2010), lipopeptides (surfactin, iturin, and fengycin) (Hanif et al, 2019;Ongena & Jacques, 2008), volatile compounds (bacillaene, bacilysin, and difficidin) (Chen, Koumoutsi, Scholz, & Borriss, 2009;Wu, Zhou, Li, & Ma, 2019), and other antifungal substances (Scholz et al, 2011;Wang, Wu, Chen, Lin, & Yang, 2016).…”