Fermentation Characteristics and In Vitro Digestibility of Fibers and Fiber-Rich Byproducts Used for the Feeding of Pigs

Bachmann, Martin; Michel, Sebastian; Greef, Jörg Michael; Zeyner, Annette

doi:10.3390/ani11020341

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The higher production of gas in B1 and B2 diets may be due to higher content of fermentable nutrients and easily digestible fibre. However, cumulative gas production (ml/0.5g feed) in in-vitro fermentation was less compared to experiments of Youssef and Kamphues, (2020) who used substrate without enzymatic hydrolysis; but results were comparable to that reported by Bachmann et al (2021) for fibre rich ingredients like sugar beet pulp, soybean shell, lucerne and wheat bran after pre-digestion with enzymes. This may be due to the fact that predigested substrate mostly produces less gas, NH 3 and short chain fatty acids as compared to substrate without pre-digestion (Bachmann et al, 2021).…”

Section: Cumulative Gas Production During Fermentationsupporting

confidence: 45%

Determination of In vitro Nutrient Digestibility of Silage based Diets with Varying Levels of Crude Fibre using Pig Faecal Inoculum

Barman¹,

Barman²,

Verma³

et al. 2023

IJAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The in-vitro nutrient digestibility and fermentation mimicking gastrointestinal process of pigs is a convenient method for rapid and cheaper measurement of degradation of feed ingredients. In the present study silage based diets containing varying levels of crude fibre were subjected to in vitro digestibility evaluation using pig faecal inoculum to determine the best crude fibre level for feeding pigs. Methods: Eight diets were prepared namely, B1, B2, V1, V2, V3, M1, M2 and M3 having 6.28, 8.43, 8.03, 10.0, 11.96, 8.17, 10.31 and 12.06 per cent crude fibre (on dry matter basis) respectively, where diets B1 and B2 were basal diets, V1, V2 and V3 contained vegetable waste silage; M1, M2 and M3 contained maize silage -as additional fibre source. An in-vitro study was carried out to investigate the nutrient digestibility of diets involving enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation using pig faecal inoculum. Result: The in-vitro total tract digestibility (IVTTD) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and organic matter (OM) was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in B1 diet than the other diets. The digestibility of DM, CP and OM of B2 diet was also significantly higher (p less than 0.001) than the M2, M3, V2 and V3 diets but comparable to M1 and V1 diets. The IVTTD of crude fibre (CF) was higher in V3 diet (25.85%) and lowest (P less than 0.001) in M1 diet (11.65%) and both showed a highly significant (P less than 0.001) difference (to other diets. The DM, CP and OM digestibility were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in the diets containing normal fibre sources than silage containing diets. Cumulative gas production (ml/0.5g feed) at 24 h of in-vitro fermentation were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in B2 (34.95) and B1 (31.00) diets than other diets. As the CF level in diets increased from 6 to 12%, the digestibility of nutrients linearly decreased except CF digestibility. It was revealed from the study that the level and sources of crude fibre in diets influenced the digestibility of nutrients.

show abstract

Section: Cumulative Gas Production During Fermentationsupporting

confidence: 45%

Determination of In vitro Nutrient Digestibility of Silage based Diets with Varying Levels of Crude Fibre using Pig Faecal Inoculum

Barman¹,

Barman²,

Verma³

et al. 2023

IJAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, it is reasonable to conclude that the e cient utilization of cellulose, as well as xylan, arabinoxylan and βglucan, is important for the e cient utilization of dietary ber overall when feeding DT pigs a diet with wheat bran as the main ber source. Pigs do not secrete enzymes that degrade ber, but they can ferment ber under the action of intestinal microorganisms that produce organic acids (Bachmann et al, 2021). In this study, we found that the content of organic acids in the feces of DT pigs was signi cantly higher than that of DLY pigs under the same feeding conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Division mechanism of labor in Diqing Tibetan Pigs gut microbiota for dietary fiber efficiently utilization

Yang

Yao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The Diqing Tibetan (DT) pig is an herbivorous breed that inhabits an area with the highest altitude distribution in the world and can be maintained on a diet containing 90% forage material in confinement production systems. The possible association between specialized gut microorganisms and the efficient utilization of dietary fiber in this breed are unclear. Results Digestibility analysis showed that DT pigs had a strong capability for high-efficiency utilization of arabinose and xylose. Microorganisms in the cecum preferred to use xylan and uronic acid, while colonic microorganisms were better at using cellulose, glucan and mannan. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the high expression of feruloyl esterase, endo-β-1,4-xylanase, β-1,3-D-glucosidase, β-mannosidase, β-1,3(4)-glucanase and reducing-end xylanase in the intestinal microorganisms of these pigs was a decisive factor for the efficient utilization of nonstarch polysaccharides. The secretion of carbohydrate esterases was mainly undertaken by fecal strains of Microbacterium, Alistipes, Acinetobacter, and Faecalibacterium, while Microbacterium, Prevotella, Turicibacter, Lactobacillus, Clostridium and Streptococcus were responsible for most of the secretion of glycoside hydrolases. Then, a new species of Microbacterium was captured and appeared to have the highest fiber utilization ability in vitro, degrading 36.54% of the neutral detergent fiber in corn stover. The results of whole genome sequencing showed that the 16S rRNA sequence similarity between the strain and the microorganisms in the database was less than 97.113%, and the average nucleotide identity (ANI) was less than 95%. The strain was finally determined to be a brand new species, which was named Microbacterium sp. Qiao 01. Then, a total of 161 carbohydrate enzyme genes were annotated, including 80 glycoside hydrolases, 40 glycosyltransferases, 26 carbohydrate esterases, 11 auxiliary oxidoreductase, 3 polysaccharide lyases and 1 carbohydrate domain. Conclusions Our results provide strong evidence that efficient utilization of dietary fiber by DT pigs is due to the emergence of highly specialized microbial strategies in the gut. Microorganisms showed preferences and a clear division of labor in the degradation process of dietary fiber. Microbacterium sp. Qiao 01 was the key player in the efficient utilization of nonstarch polysaccharides in DT pigs. This study may inspire novel approaches for the deep excavation of high-quality microbial resources in regional species and has great practical significance for improving the utilization efficiency of livestock feed and alleviating the tension of food insecurity.

show abstract

“…Moreover, it coincides with increased production of SCFA, generating additional fuel for large intestinal enterocytes and cell proliferation ( Scheppach, 1994 ). Further study is needed to identify the cause of the more proximal shift in fermentation site due to grass hay, but it is well-studied that cellulose-rich material on itself is poorly fermentable in pigs ( Bachmann et al., 2021 ), especially young individuals. Hence, the likely explanation for the fermentation shift is an effect of the grass hay on the passage of the fermentable fractions of the ingested creep feed and milk oligosaccharides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting clues from nature: the impact of grass hay on suckling piglets’ gastrointestinal growth and colonic microbiota

Yao,

Cools,

van Hees

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionThe effect of dietary fiber on pig production has been extensively evaluated. Inspired by observations of the diet of wild, young piglets, this study aimed to examine the possibility of feeding grass hay to suckling piglets besides concentrated creep feed.MethodsThe sow-nursed piglets in this study were divided into two groups based on balanced sow parities. The control group (CON, n = 7 sows) only received a regular, concentrated creep feed, while the treatment piglets (GH, n = 8 sows) were also provided with chopped grass hay from 2 days of age until weaning (28 days). At weaning, one piglet with a median weight was selected from each litter for post-mortem evaluation. Subsequently, six pigs around median weight per sow were grouped into nursery pens and monitored for their feed intake and body weight gain until 9 weeks of age.Results and discussionPiglets in GH consumed, on average, 57 g of grass hay per piglet during the entire lactation period. The emptied weight of the small and large intestine was significantly greater in GH (280 vs. 228 g, 88.8 vs. 79.3 g, respectively, p < 0.05), and the length of the large intestine was stimulated by the grass hay (164 vs. 150 cm, p < 0.05). Morphologically, the villus height in the jejunum was higher in GH (p < 0.05). In the large intestine, the crypt depth of the mid-colon was lower in GH. Moreover, the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations in the cecum were increased in GH compared to CON (1,179 vs. 948 µmol/g dry matter, p < 0.05), whereas in the colon, SCFA concentrations were lower in CON (341 vs. 278 µmol/g dry matter, p < 0.05). There was no major impact of grass hay inclusion on the colonic microbiota composition. Only a trend was observed for a lower inverse of the classical Simpson (InvSimpon) index and a higher abundance of Lactobacillus genera in GH. After weaning, no significant differences in feed intake and body weight gain were observed. In conclusion, supplementing the grass hay to suckling piglets led to alterations in intestinal morphology, increased SCFA fermentation in proximal sections of large intestine, stimulation of gastrointestinal tract growth, and subtle modifications in colonic microbiota.

show abstract

Fermentation Characteristics and In Vitro Digestibility of Fibers and Fiber-Rich Byproducts Used for the Feeding of Pigs

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Determination of In vitro Nutrient Digestibility of Silage based Diets with Varying Levels of Crude Fibre using Pig Faecal Inoculum

Determination of In vitro Nutrient Digestibility of Silage based Diets with Varying Levels of Crude Fibre using Pig Faecal Inoculum

Division mechanism of labor in Diqing Tibetan Pigs gut microbiota for dietary fiber efficiently utilization

Getting clues from nature: the impact of grass hay on suckling piglets’ gastrointestinal growth and colonic microbiota

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About