Fermentation Technology

Chisti, Yusuf

doi:10.1002/9783527630233.ch3

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Pada tipe substrat padat yang mana mikroorganismenya tumbuh dalam keadaan lembah, padat dengan sedikit air atau tanpa air, misalnya fermentasi keju, kopi, roti, kompos. Sedangkan pada tipe substrat padat dengan menggunakan larutan substrat yaitu larutnya gula atau larutan padat yang tersuspensi dalam jumlah air yang banyak membentuk seperti bubur, misalnya produksi insulin rekombinan, penicilin, bir (Chisti, 2010).Fermentasi terdapat dua macam berdasarkan kebutuhan oksigennya yaitu aerobic dan anaerobic. Pada proses fermentasi RAW MATERIAL FERMENTER MIKROBA…”

Section: Tipe Fermentasiunclassified

Bioteknologi Teori dan Aplikasi

Syam¹,

Kurniati²

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ketergantungan yang tinggi terhadap sumber energi fosil dipandang sebagai masalah fundamental sistem energi global maupun nasional. Produksi sumber energi fosil tidak terbarukan dipastikab akan menurun dan habis pada suatu saat sehingga tidak dapat diandalkan. Ketergantungan tinggi pada sumber energi fosil akan menyebabkan ancaman pada ketersediaan energi sebagai salah satu pilar utama ketahanan energi global maupun nasional. Data PBB menunjukkan bahwa pangsa sumber energi fosil (batubara, minyak bumi, gas bumi) cenderung menenurun dari 83,5 persen pada 1990 menjadi 82,3 persen pada tahun. Penurunan peran energi fosil diisi oleh biofuel dan sampah yang meningkat dari 7,7 persen pada 1990 menjadi 9,2 persen pada 2015. Bauran energi Indonesia pun sangat didominasi oleh bahan bakar fosil. Dominasi bahan bakar fosil dalam bauran energi Indonesia pada 2015 mencapai 95 persen yang berarti lebih tinggi daripada dalam bauran energi global. Kebijakan energi nasional sebagaimana dijabarkan dalam Rencana Umum Energi Nasional (RUEN, 2017) telah menetapkan untuk meningkatkan peran energi terbarukan paling sedikit 23 persen pada 2025 dan meningkat menjadi 31 persen pada 2050.

show abstract

Section: Tipe Fermentasiunclassified

Bioteknologi Teori dan Aplikasi

Syam¹,

Kurniati²

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Drive Systems and Seals Commonly Used In Biotechnological Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to top drives, much shorter and thus thinner agitator shafts can be used for bottom drive systems, since the effective bending moments are smaller (Creathorn 2003 ). This also means that there is no need for additional wear-prone shaft bearings inside the vessel (Chisti 2010 ; EKATO Holding GmbH 2012 ). Routing the shaft through the bottom of the vessel also allows impellers to be installed lower in the tank, thus reducing the minimum agitated liquid level.…”

Section: Drive Systems and Seals Commonly Used In Biotechnological Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of drive systems and sealing types in stirred bioreactors used in biotechnological processes

Schirmer

Maschke

Pörtner

et al. 2021

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

No matter the scale, stirred tank bioreactors are the most commonly used systems in biotechnological production processes. Single-use and reusable systems are supplied by several manufacturers. The type, size, and number of impellers used in these systems have a significant influence on the characteristics and designs of bioreactors. Depending on the desired application, classic shaft-driven systems, bearing-mounted drives, or stirring elements that levitate freely in the vessel may be employed. In systems with drive shafts, process hygiene requirements also affect the type of seal used. For sensitive processes with high hygienic requirements, magnetic-driven stirring systems, which have been the focus of much research in recent years, are recommended. This review provides the reader with an overview of the most common agitation and seal types implemented in stirred bioreactor systems, highlights their advantages and disadvantages, and explains their possible fields of application. Special attention is paid to the development of magnetically driven agitators, which are widely used in reusable systems and are also becoming more and more important in their single-use counterparts.Key Points• Basic design of the most frequently used bioreactor type: the stirred tank bioreactor• Differences in most common seal types in stirred systems and fields of application• Comprehensive overview of commercially available bioreactor seal types• Increased use of magnetically driven agitation systems in single-use bioreactors

show abstract

“…59 The Maharajah afraid of the use of force by the Government of India agreed to sign the agreement (Chisti, 2005). 60 The above-mentioned circumstances that occurred in 1949 under which the constitutional head of the State of Manipur was made to sign the Merger Agreement on 21 st September and the abrupt dissolution of the popularly elected Manipur National Assembly on 15 th October, it was clear that there were no actual fighting or war between Manipur and India compared to as what had occurred in 1891. Armed hostilities or resistance is not the determining factor of occupation of a territory.…”

Section: Agreements Concluded Between 1947 and 1949: Issues Of Legality And Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Annexation of Manipur as the 19<sup>th</sup> State of India: The Status of the Territory of Manipur in International Law since 1949

Mangal¹

2020

BLR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fermentation Technology

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Bioteknologi Teori dan Aplikasi

Bioteknologi Teori dan Aplikasi

An overview of drive systems and sealing types in stirred bioreactors used in biotechnological processes

Annexation of Manipur as the 19<sup>th</sup> State of India: The Status of the Territory of Manipur in International Law since 1949

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Fermentation Technology

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Bioteknologi Teori dan Aplikasi

Bioteknologi Teori dan Aplikasi

An overview of drive systems and sealing types in stirred bioreactors used in biotechnological processes

Annexation of Manipur as the 19&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; State of India: The Status of the Territory of Manipur in International Law since 1949

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Annexation of Manipur as the 19<sup>th</sup> State of India: The Status of the Territory of Manipur in International Law since 1949