Ferritin – The key model inflammatory marker in diabetic and non-diabetic COVID-19

Kumar, Mukesh; Bindu, CM; Shyam, AC; Reena, R P

doi:10.3126/ajms.v12i12.39717

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A study also suggested a positive correlation between HbA1c and serum ferritin (r=0.55, p <0.05) among diabetic COVID-19 patients. 41 Ferritin level was higher in the patients with HbA1c of >7.0% compared to those with HbA1c of 7.0% (p=0.011). High HbA1c was associated with decreased SpO2 (r=-0.78) and increased lung damage (r-0.66), ferritin (r=0.79), CRP (r=0.67), and D-dimer (r=0.60).…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 87%

The role of serum ferritin level and disease severity in COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

2022

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Introduction: The disease progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in individuals with comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in particular, has been associated with the occurrence of the cytokine storm. Ferritin, an acute-phase protein indicating inflammation, has been linked to T2DM and the severity of COVID-19. Our study aimed to investigate the association between the level of ferritin and the severity of COVID-19 in T2DM patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among COVID-19 patients admitted at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from April to September 2020. The patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The data used in this study was secondary data obtained from the medical records at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, which consisted of serum ferritin levels, the severity of COVID-19, the results of blood analysis, and other demographic and clinical characteristics (age, gender, hypertension, the number of complaints, and vital signs). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and presented in percentage (%), mean ± standard deviation (SD), or median (min-max). A chi-square test was carried out to identify the association between serum ferritin level and the severity of COVID-19 in T2DM patients at α=0.05. Results: Of the total 159 patients were included and 80.8% of them had moderate severity of COVID-19, whereas the rest (19.5%) had severe COVID-19. Out of total patients, 78.6% had ferritin levels of ≥400 mg/dL, suggesting hyperferritinemia syndrome (mean ± SD: 1177.21 ± 1275.90 mg/dL). The Chi-squared analysis revealed a significant association between serum ferritin levels with the severity of COVID-19 in T2DM patients (p=0.024). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between serum ferritin levels and the severity of COVID-19 in T2DM patients and further study with a bigger sample size is needed to confirm this finding.

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Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 87%

The role of serum ferritin level and disease severity in COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

2022

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“…The high significant levels of serum ferritin were saw in poorly controlled diabetic COVID-19 cases in compare to well-controlled diabetic COVID-19 cases. Correlation analysis between cases of diabetic COVID-19 and non-diabetic COVID-19 controls indicates that serum ferritin level increases as the glucose level increases in the body [16].Diabetes and its associated with hyperferritinemia in the affected COVID-19 individuals will add to the problem. There are at least one underlying disorder (hypertension, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) in severe cases compared to mild cases [17].Zhang et al, who shown that association of hyperglycemia without DM with a increase risk of critical care admission, mechanical ventilation, and death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…inflammatory cycle [8].The fatal outcomes by COVID-19 are accompanied by cytokine storm syndrome, thus the severity of disease dependent on the cytokine storm syndrome [3]. Several diabetes patients exhibit higher serum ferritin levels [14], and it is known that they face an elevated probability to experience serious complications from COVID-19 [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, levels of ferritin can be an essential factor i the severity of COVID-19 [14]. The serum ferritin increase from damaged of the cells and is consequently a marker of cellular damage, Ferritin has no circadian rhythm and entirely taken up by liver [8].The current study appeared that significant and a higher serum ferritin level was independently associated with severe COVID-19, this study correspond with Mukesh et al, who found there significant increased levels of level serum ferritin as the level of HbA1c high in the cases. The high significant levels of serum ferritin were saw in poorly controlled diabetic COVID-19 cases in compare to well-controlled diabetic COVID-19 cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ferritin is a main mediator of immune dysregulation, particularly under extreme hyperferritinemia, by pro-inflammatory effects and direct immune-suppressive that contribute to the cytokine storm [7]. Ferritin is located in heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and intestinal mucosal cells but it is unclear whether serum ferritin reflects or causes inflammation, or whether it is involved in an inflammatory cycle [8]. The aim of this study was to compare between diabetic and non-diabetic patient in some biochemical test in-patient with COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study of Some Biochemical Parameters in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Comparative Study

Sattar

Al-Rayahi

2022

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COVID-l9 is considered a global health emergency, this disease affects all individuals and its symptoms are similar to the common cold. The purpose of this study is to compare diabetic and non-diabetic patients in some biochemical tests of patients infected with COVID-l9. Of the l20 patients included in the study, 7l patients were males (59.l7%) and 49 were females (40.83%). The study showed that the highest percentage was in males with diabetes (63.33%), followed by non-diabetics (55.00%), without significant difference. As for the age group, most patients were over 50 years, and it was most common among non-diabetics in addition to diabetes. Mean glucose was significantly different between the diabetic group and the non-diabetic group. For the diabetic group, the mean blood sugar was 229.22 ± 82.25mg/dl, while the mean blood sugar in the non-diabetic group was l32.25 ± 44.08 mg/dl. In addition, there was a significant difference in mean HbA1c between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups p < .001. For the diabetic group, the mean HbA1c was 7.5l ± l.27 %, but in the non-diabetic group, the mean HbA1c was 5.41 ± 0.73%. While there was a significant difference between the two groups with and without diabetes in the mean ferritin ratio p < .00l. For the diabetic group, the mean serum ferritin was 638.78 ± 327.78 ng/ml, although in the non-diabetic group, the mean serum ferritin was 393.74 ± 330.83 ng/ml. There were no significant differences between the diabetic and non-diabetic group in the mean of D-dimer, urea, creatinine and uric acid, in the diabetic groups, the mean was 6.00 ± 5.80 ug/ml, 86.02 ± 64.27 mg/dl, 1.64+1.45mg/dl and 5.37 ± 3.11mg/dl, respectively. While in the non-diabetic group, the mean was 5.82 ± 5.76 ug/ml, 74.68 ± 68.27mg/dl, 1.88 ± 2.62 mg/dl, and 4.86 ± 2.62 mg/dl, respectively.

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Ferritin – The key model inflammatory marker in diabetic and non-diabetic COVID-19

Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

The role of serum ferritin level and disease severity in COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

The role of serum ferritin level and disease severity in COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

A Study of Some Biochemical Parameters in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Comparative Study

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