Ferroelectric Polarization Fatigue in PZT‐Based RAINBOWs and Bulk Ceramics

Dausch, David

doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb03127.x

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…3 and 5). This result is well in line with the results reported earlier where 31-33% difference in remnant polarisation and 45-50% difference in coercive electric field was measured by Dausch [3]. Although, mentioned characteristics of PZT 5H are lower it has higher d 31 piezoelectric In more detail, the pre-stressed actuators showed a significantly higher coercive electric field than their bulk counterparts, but decreased remnant polarisation ( Table 1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…1), the ±P r and ±E c values of all the samples were highest at a 25 • C temperature (Table 1). Thus, for the studied structures, thickness and materials, it is more advantageous to use a high electric field than high temperature in poling, which agrees well with the conclusion reported earlier for RAINBOW (Reduced And INternally Biased Oxide Wafer) and THUNDER (THin layer composite UNimorph ferroelectric DrivER and sensor) actuators constructed from the same materials [3,11]. Figures 2 and 3 shows typical result that poling of a pre-stressed actuator must be optimised more carefully than that of bulk counterparts, because the remnant polarisation and coercive field values of the pre-stressed actuator depend more gradually on the poling field than in the case of the bulk counterparts, which achieve their saturated values quickly with increased electric field.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…2 and 4). Dausch reports opposite behaviour of remnant polarisation between RAINBOW and bulk actuators, 18.0 µC/cm 2 and 14.1 µC/cm 2 for PZT 5H actuators and 26.1 µC/cm 2 and 21.0 µC/cm 2 for PZT 5A, respectively [3]. Ounaies et al reports nearly equal remnant polarisation for PZT 5A bulk and THUNDER actuators (+P r THUNDER = 34-35 µC/cm 2 , −P r THUNDER = −32.5 to −34, ±P r bulk = ±34 µC/cm 2 ) [11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Thus, the achieved unimorph structure bends, and the internal pre-stress acts as a spring. The produced components can exhibit large displacements due their higher coercive electric field and improved piezoelectric coefficients affected by their internal stress [3,[10][11][12]. It is therefore natural that the properties and methods of producing prestressed actuators are extensively investigated [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the poling process, the actuator acquires its actual piezoelectric properties; the shape of the hysteresis loop, permittivity, dielectric loss and displacement properties at high electric field driving. These properties are weakened afterwards only to some extent by ageing [3][4][5]. It is therefore natural that the poling conditions of planar actuators have been widely studied and, e.g., Wang et al have shown that optimised poling conditions of bulk actuators can be developed through predetermination of saturation polarisation and the coercive field [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poling Conditions of Pre-Stressed Piezoelectric Actuators and Their Displacement

et al. 2005

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The poling procedure has always been the key issue in producing piezoelectric actuators with optimised performance. This is also true with the relatively new category of pre-stressed bender actuators, where mechanical bias achieved with a passive layer is introduced in the actuators during manufacturing. Due to these factors, the behaviour of the actuator under poling is different compared to its bulk counterparts. In this paper, two different thicknesses of commercial PZT 5A and PZT 5H materials were used in bulk actuators and pre-stressed benders realised by new method. Pre-stress was introduced by using a post-fired biasing layer utilising sintering shrinkage and difference in thermal expansion. The hysteresis loop of the actuators was measured under 0.5-7.0 MV/m electric fields at 25-125 • C temperatures, providing information about their remnant polarisation and coercive field before poling. The results showed that high electric field and 25 • C temperatures in poling provided higher remnant polarisation and coercive electric field than using 125 • C temperature at poling. Difference was especially significant in coercive electric field values where up to 114.8% difference was obtained for PZT 5H bulk actuator and 65.9% for pre-stressed actuators. Higher coercive fields can be utilized as increased operating voltage range of piezoelectric devices. The differences in results obtained here and by others can be explained by the different pre-stress level, stronger clamping of the thicker passive layers of the RAINBOW and THUNDER actuators and passive ring area introducing high tensile stresses. The same conditions were used to pole the actuators, after which the displacement and dielectric constant of the actuators were measured. The displacement measurements showed that remnant polarisation has good correlation with displacement. This fact can be used in estimating pre-stressed actuator performance before actual poling. The dielectric constant measurements with a small signal after poling gave even better correlation than the remnant polarisation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%