Ferroelectric sensor BaxSr1-xTiO3 integrated with android smartphone for controlling and monitoring smart street lighting

Synthesis and Characterization of Lithium-doped BaTiO3/Si(100) Thin Films with Variations of 0 %, 0.5 %, 1 % and 1.5 % as Potential Forerunners of Solar Cells

“…When a donor atom is added to a semiconductor, the permissible energy level will be slightly below the conduction band. The presence of this new band causes the thin film bandgap energy to decrease with five-valent lithium doped [21]. Previous research has stated that the energy gap can increase after adding a lithium filler [24] [25].…”

“…In general, fabricating a thin layer of Barium Titanate or perovskite can be done by physical and chemical methods [7], [20]. The stages of the research method carried out include (i) making thin films of BTO with 0%, 0.5%, and 1% Lithium (I) Acetate (Fe(CH3COO)) (BLTO) with CSD method assisted by spin coating and making contact aluminium on BLT thin films [6], [21], (ii) tested X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) with Material Analysis Using Diffraction (MAUD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and (Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) devices.…”

Effect of Cupric-Doped SrTiO3 Films on Optical Properties Using Spectrophotometry Method

“…The annealing process carried out using a Muffle Furnace at 1300 °C can influence the grain size of films to become denser or compact, regular, and homogeneous [10]. The sample was heated to 850 °C at a heating rate of 1.67 °C/min [3]. Afterward, it was held for 8 hours before cooling down to room temperature.…”

“…Films from ferroelectric materials with perovskite oxide structures have been found in extensive applications, including electronic devices because they have good physical properties [2]. Ferroelectric materials exhibit spontaneous polarization when their central atom interacts with an external electric field, making them promising candidates for light-sensor applications [3]. One of the materials ABO3 perovskite is strontium titanate (SrTiO3), which has excellent physical and chemical properties.…”

“…In addition to doping with Cu(CH3COO)2, it is expected that Cu 2+ ions can substitute Sr 2+ ions in SrTiO3 because they have the same oxidation number. This study utilized the Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) method because of its low cost, ability to be processed at room temperature and atmosphere, and ease of stoichiometry regulation [3]. The CSD method has high microchemical homogeneity and is advantageous for obtaining films with excellent optical properties [8].…”