FerryBox - Application of continuous water quality observations along transects in the North Sea

Petersen, Wilhelm; Schroeder, Friedhelm; Bockelmann, Frank-Detlef

doi:10.1007/s10236-011-0445-0

Cited by 56 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Their Ferrybox project (www.ferrybox.no; Petersen et al 2011) samples chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence daily by utilizing fluorometers on ferries in regular traffic. We used these chlorophyll values (4 m depth) from an adjacent station (around 8 km away) in the .558 E) to assess the timing and magnitude of the spring bloom.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and diel patterns in sedimentary flux of krill fecal pellets recorded by an echo sounder

Røstad

Kaartvedt

2013

Limnology & Oceanography

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We used a moored upward-facing 200 kHz echo sounder to address sedimentation of fecal pellets (FPs) from dielly migrating Meganyctiphanes norvegica. The echo sounder was located on the bottom at 150 m depth in the Oslofjord, Norway, and was cabled to shore for continuous measurements during winter and spring. Records of sinking pellets were for the first time observed with an echo sounder. Seasonal patterns of sedimentation of krill FPs were strongly correlated with data from continuous measurement of fluorescence, which illustrate the development of the spring bloom. Sedimenting particles were first observed as fluorescence values started to increase at the end of February and continued to increase until the bloom suddenly culminated at the end of March. This collapse of the bloom was detected on the echo sounder as a pulse of slowly sinking acoustic targets over a 2 d period. Prior to this event, there was a strong diel pattern in sedimentation, which correlated, with some time lag, with the diel migration of krill foraging at night near the surface. Pellet average sinking speeds ranged between 423 m d 21 and 804 m d 21 , with a strong relation to pellet target strength, which is an acoustic proxy for size. This novel approach shows that echo sounders may be a valuable tool in studies of vertical pellet flux and, thereby, carbon flux, providing temporal resolution and direct observation of the sedimentation process, which are not obtained from standard methods.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and diel patterns in sedimentary flux of krill fecal pellets recorded by an echo sounder

Røstad

Kaartvedt

2013

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Typically, these systems involve pumping seawater from a hull-mounted sea chest through the sensor circuit housed in the ship's engine room. Because vessels typically provide a favorable environment for sensor operation (e.g., abundant power supply, protection from damage and theft, low pressure, and possibilityfor regular maintenance), such installations can provide extremely reliable continuous observations of surface properties (Petersen et al 2003(Petersen et al , 2007. The development of standardized self-contained automated flow-through systems, known as FerryBoxes, has greatly facilitated the implementation and massification of this observational technique, and a number of manufacturers have now commercialized such systems, such as 4H Jena GmbH (Germany), Chelsea Technologies Group (United Kingdom), and SubCTech GmbH (Germany).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship-of-Opportunity Monitoring of the Chilean Fjords Using the Pocket FerryBox

Aiken

Petersen

Schroeder

et al. 2011

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

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Results from two field campaigns in the Chilean fjords region are presented to demonstrate the benefits and limitations of the ''pocket FerryBox'' for monitoring from ships of opportunity. The October 2009 (spring) campaign covered the region of the Chilean coast between 41.58 and 46.78S, and that in March 2010 (autumn) covered the region between 41.58 and 51.88S. In the campaigns the pocket FerryBox-a portable flow-through system for underway multiparametric monitoring-was installed temporarily on board the vessel M/V Ro-Ro Evangelistas. The taking of water samples allowed posterior calibration of the sensors and analyses for nutrients and plankton. The pocket FerryBox may be configured with multiple sensors [in this case temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll-a fluorescence, pH, turbidity, and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM)] and includes the hardware and software for data acquisition and real-time presentation. In the Chilean campaigns multiple transects of up to 1700 km in length were obtained, which provided a unique and highly valuable dataset at a very low cost. The data uncovered a number of previously unreported results, including a tidally driven low dissolved oxygen zone in the Corcovado Gulf, a high level of spatial and temporal variability of, and a complex relationship between, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll-a fluorescence, and the detection of high concentrations of CDOM in the vicinity of the Laguna San Rafael. The campaigns confirm that the pocket FerryBox may be easily installed on board ships of opportunity to obtain rapid, lowcost, and spatially extensive surveys of highly relevant surface water properties.

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“…Continuous measurements (at 1 min intervals) of temperature, salinity, chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), turbidity, and chlorophyll-a fluorescence were performed using a FerryBox system as described in Petersen et al (2011) installed aboard the ship. The sensors mounted in the FerryBox are listed in SUP.…”

Section: Continuous Measurements Of Abiotic Parameters and Chl-amentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of phytoplankton distribution and community structure in the German Bight with respect to the different size classes

Wollschläger

Wiltshire

Petersen

et al. 2015

Journal of Sea Research

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Investigation of phytoplankton biodiversity, ecology, and biogeography is crucial for understanding marine ecosystems. Research is often carried out on the basis of microscopic observations, but due to the limitations of this approach regarding detection and identification of picophytoplankton (0.2-2 μm) and nanophytoplankton (2-20 μm), these investigations are mainly focused on the microphytoplankton (20-200 μm). In the last decades, various methods based on optical and molecular biological approaches have evolved which enable a more rapid and convenient analysis of phytoplankton samples and a more detailed assessment of small phytoplankton. In this study, a selection of these methods (in situ fluorescence, flow cytometry, genetic fingerprinting, and DNA microarray) was placed in complement to light microscopy and HPLC-based pigment analysis to investigate both biomass distribution and community structure of phytoplankton. As far as possible, the size classes were analyzed separately. Investigations were carried out on six cruises in the German Bight in 2010 and 2011 to analyze both spatial and seasonal variability. Microphytoplankton was identified as the major contributor to biomass in all seasons, followed by the nanophytoplankton. Generally, biomass distribution was patchy, but the overall contribution of small phytoplankton was higher in offshore areas and also in areas exhibiting higher turbidity. Regarding temporal development of the community, differences between the small phytoplankton community and the microphytoplankton were found. The latter exhibited a seasonal pattern regarding number of taxa present, alphaand beta-diversity, and community structure, while for the nano-and especially the picophytoplankton, a general shift in the community between both years was observable without seasonality. Although the reason for this shift remains unclear, the results imply a different response of large and small phytoplankton to environmental influences.

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FerryBox - Application of continuous water quality observations along transects in the North Sea

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Seasonal and diel patterns in sedimentary flux of krill fecal pellets recorded by an echo sounder

Seasonal and diel patterns in sedimentary flux of krill fecal pellets recorded by an echo sounder

Ship-of-Opportunity Monitoring of the Chilean Fjords Using the Pocket FerryBox

Analysis of phytoplankton distribution and community structure in the German Bight with respect to the different size classes

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