Fertile, intermediate hybrids between Phaseolus vulgaris and P. acutifolius from congruity backcrossing

Haghighi, Kobra; Ascher, Peter D.

doi:10.1007/bf00227023

Cited by 64 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although we do not know the biochemical basis for the difference in mitochondrial heat tolerance, if it is maternally inherited, then P. acutifolius must be used as the female parent when generating interspecific hybrids. However, in most attempts to generate interspecific hybrids, P. vulgaris is used as the maternal parent because of increased fertility and greater success at embryo rescue (6).…”

Section: Implications For Bean Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Effects on Mitochondrial Respiration in Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray and Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Lin¹,

Markhart²

1990

Plant Physiol.

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Electron transport, using succinate as a substrate, was measured polarographically in mitochondria isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris and P. acutffolius plants grown at 250C and 320C. Mitochondria isolated from P. vulgaris plants grown at 320C had reduced electron transport and were substantially uncoupled.Growth at 320C had no effect on electron transport or oxidative phosphorylation in P. acutffollus compared to 250C grown plants. Mitochondria isolated from 250C grown P. vulgaris plants measured at 420C were completely uncoupled. Similarly treated P. acutffolius mitochondria remained coupled. The uncoupling of P. vulgaris was due to increased proton permeability of inner mitochondrial membrane. The altemative pathway was more sensitive to heat than the regular cytochrome pathway. At 420C, no alternative pathway activity was detected. The substantially greater heat tolerance of P. acutifolius compared to P. vulgaris mitochondrial electron transport suggests that mitochondrial sensitivity to elevated temperatures is a major limitation to growth of P. vulgaris at high temperatures and is an important characteristic conveying tolerance in P. acutffolius.Phaseolus acutifolius is a potential donor of desirable traits (heat and drought tolerance, and disease resistance) to Phaseolus vulgaris through interspecific hybridization (22). P. acutifolius is able to flourish in hot dry environments that usually kill or significantly reduce yield in P. vulgaris (7,16,22). In previous experiments, growth at 32°C decreased total biomass in P. vulgaris but not in P. acutifolius. However, 32°C did not increase electrolyte leakage, or decrease photosynthetic electron transport in either species (13). Therefore, based on these measurements, a long exposure of P. vulgaris to moderately high temperature causes structural or functional damage at the cellular or subcellular levels other than the chloroplast or plasmalemma.Moderately propane sulfonic acid), 1 mM EGTA (ethyleneglycol-bis-(Qaminoethylether) N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid), 5 mM KCI, 0.1% (w/v) L-cysteine, and 0.1 % BSA (23) and was adjusted to pH 7.5. The pH of the homogenate was adjusted to 7.2 by dropwise addition of 5 N KOH after grinding.After filtration through Miracloth three times, the homogenate was centrifuged for 10 min at 1500g. The resulting supernatant fraction was centrifuged for 20 min at 10,000g. The mitochondrial pellet was resuspended in 25 mL of a medium consisting of 0.3 M D-mannitol, 5 mM Mops, 1 mM EGTA, and 0.1 % BSA, adjusted to pH 7.3. This suspension was centrifuged at 15OOg for 10 min and the supernatant was recentrifuged at 6000g for 20 min (9). The pellet was resuspended in 2 mL of reaction medium. The reaction medium for respiration measurements described below contained 0.3 M D-mannitol, 10 mM KCI, 10 mM KH2PO4, 5 mM MgCl2, 1 mM EGTA, and 0.1 % BSA, adjusted to pH 7.2.Protein content was estimated by the method of Lowry et al. (1951) using BSA as standard.

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Section: Implications For Bean Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Effects on Mitochondrial Respiration in Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray and Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Lin¹,

Markhart²

1990

Plant Physiol.

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“…Recurrent backcrossing has only infrequently been capable of such a task; frequent problems are the loss of the important trait(s) from the nonrecurrent parent, diffi culties in transferring traits that are quantitatively inherited, chromosome or genome elimination, and large linkage groups that are diffi cult to break. Haghighi and Ascher ( 1988 ) were the fi rst to report the use of congruity backcrossing as a useful means to create an interspecifi c hybrid between P. vulgaris and P. acutifolius. In this crossing scheme, the hybrids are backcrossed with each of the parent species in alternate generations.…”

Section: Congruity Backcrossingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Bean

Pathania¹,

Sharma²

2014

Broadening the Genetic Base of Grain Legumes

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The chapter on the common bean reviews the origin and domestication, gene pool organization and their evolutionary relationship, genetic diversity and gene fl ow assessment, production constraints, crop productionlimiting factors, and crop improvement strategies. While the common bean originated in the Americas, it is now widely grown in all continents of the world. Several bean germplasm banks have been established and contain diverse genetic resources comprising fi ve domesticated and wild Phaseolus species, as well as an incipient stock collection. Unique among crop plants, the common bean consists of two geographically distinct evolutionary lineages that predate domestication and trace back to a common, still extant ancestor. The common bean cultivated across the world comprises of two major gene pools: the Andean originating from the Andes mountains of South America and the Mesoamerican from Mexico and Central America along with well-established races. Gene fl ow between domesticated and wild beans led to substantial introgression of alleles from the domesticated gene pool into the wild gene pool and vice versa. Like other crops, the common bean also suffers from various biotic and abiotic stresses; however, these constraints vary with the agroecological regions experiencing tropical to temperate environments. The important biotic and abiotic constraints limiting bean production are bean anthracnose, angular leaf spot, bean common mosaic and necrosis virus, bean golden mosaic virus, bacterial blights, drought, and phosphorus defi ciency. The common bean improvement program in Europe and the USA is mainly focused on biotic and abiotic factors, mainly diseases, drought, and biofortifi cation involving intra-and interspecifi c hybridization programs.

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“…Several attempts were made (Alvarez et aI., 1981;AI-Yasiri & Coyne, 1964;Andrade-Aguilar & Jackson, 1988;Honma, 1956;Jung et aI., 1992;Mok et aI., 1978;Smartt, 1970;Thomas & Waines, 1980, 1984, but success was limited , and embryo rescue was required to recover hybrid progenies. More recently, with the careful choice of donor parents (Federici & Waines, 1989;Nelson & Ascher, 1984;Parker & Michaels, 1986;Thomas & Waines, 1984) and the application of the congruity backcross scheme (Brown et aI., 1996;Haghighi & Ascher, 1988;Mejia-Jimenez et aI., 1994), a second series of crosses was attempted with greater success. Given the need for embryo rescue techniques and the complete sterility of F I hybrids, it seems reasonable to consider tepary as belonging to the tertiary gene pool of common bean, a conclusion reached by many authors (Andrade-Aguilar & Jackson, 1988;Prendota et aI., 1982;Pueyo & Delgado Salinas, 1997;Smartt, 1970) .…”

Section: The Tertiary Gene Poolmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diversity in Phaseolus Species in Relation to the Common Bean

Debouck¹

1999

Developments in Plant Breeding

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Fertile, intermediate hybrids between Phaseolus vulgaris and P. acutifolius from congruity backcrossing

Cited by 64 publications

References 19 publications

Temperature Effects on Mitochondrial Respiration in Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray and Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Temperature Effects on Mitochondrial Respiration in Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray and Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Common Bean

Diversity in Phaseolus Species in Relation to the Common Bean

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