“…Therefore, clinicians and scientists providing ICSI for infertile men must be aware of the genetic implications of male factor infertility. ICSI using surgically retrieved spermatozoa has achieved good fertilization and pregnancy rates that are comparable to those for ICSI with ejaculated spermatozoa (Craft et al, 1993;FIVNAT, 1993;Silber et al, 1994;Tournaye et al, 1994;Hovatta et al, 1995;Fahmy et al, 1996;Tarlatzis, 1996;Mansour et al, 1997a). Different researchers have studied fertilization and pregnancy rates after ICSI using epididymal versus testicular spermatozoa (Hovatta et al, 1995;Nagy et al, 1995b;Silber et al, 1995a;Mansour et al, 1997a;Tarlatzis, 1996).…”