Fertility Differentials among Religious Minorities: Cross‐national and Regional Evidence from India and Bangladesh

Sahu, Biswamitra; Wissen, van Leonardus; Hutter, Inge; Bosch, Alinda M.

doi:10.1002/psp.701

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Thus, regardless of specific group membership and other individual-level factors, the ethnic homophily of women's personal networks is associated with greater pronatalism, and this pattern is particularly strong with respect to longer-term fertility desires. With appropriate caveats, this finding resonates with those of studies that examined the effects of community ethnic or religious homogeneity on individual fertility behaviors and outcomes (e.g., Abma & Krivo, 1991;Agadjanian, Dommaraju, & Glick, 2008;Lichter et al, 2012;Sahu et al, 2012;Wilson & Kuha, 2018). Also among women, the expectation of an improvement in own ethnic group's situation in the country in the near future had a net positive association with desired fertility and, not surprisingly, this association was particularly pronounced and statistically significant for shorter-term fertility desires.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Group Normative Propensities, Societal Positioning, and Childbearing: Ethno-linguistic Variation in Completed and Desired Fertility in Transitional Central Asia

Agadjanian

Nedoluzhko²

2022

Popul Res Policy Rev

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Considerable research in western, low-fertility contexts has examined minority-vs.-majority fertility differentials, typically focusing on minority groups’ cultural idiosyncrasies and on socioeconomic disadvantages associated with minority status. However, the formation and functioning of ethnic complexities outside the western world often diverge from the standard western model and so may their impact on fertility preferences, behavior, and outcomes. We expand on the previous research by analyzing ethnic variation in completed and desired fertility in the multiethnic transitional setting of Kyrgyzstan, where ethnic groups and their ethnolinguistic sub-parts are characterized by both different stages of the demographic transition and different positioning in the socioeconomic and political hierarchies. Using combined data from two rounds of a nationally representative survey, we find that ethnic-specific levels of completed fertility generally align with culturally shaped group-level normative propensities. In contrast, in desires to have a(nother) child, the ranking of the ethnic segments is more reflective of their collective societal positioning, with more disadvantaged segments having lower fertility desires, regardless of actual number of children and various other characteristics. We also find that ethnic homophily of respondents’ social milieu and their optimism about the future of their ethnic group are positively associated with fertility desires, even though these associations are more potently present among women, compared to men. We relate our findings to the extant scholarship and reflect on their implications for a better understanding of ethno-racial fertility dynamics and differentials in transitional contexts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Group Normative Propensities, Societal Positioning, and Childbearing: Ethno-linguistic Variation in Completed and Desired Fertility in Transitional Central Asia

Agadjanian

Nedoluzhko²

2022

Popul Res Policy Rev

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“…Subsequent empirical analyses have reinforced this argument, illustrating the interaction between education and fertility rates. In particular, studies find that better-educated women from minority backgrounds typically display lower fertility rates compared to their counterparts in the majority population (Chabé-Ferret and Melindi Ghidi, 2013; Sly, 1970).…”

Section: Background and Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Fertility transition of Han and ethnic minorities in China: A tale of convergence and variation

Jin,

Hu,

Wang

2023

Chinese Journal of Sociology

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China's large and diverse population exhibits interethnic variations in fertility, socioeconomic status, and culture. This study comprehensively analyzes data from multiple population censuses and qualitative interviews to identify fertility transition dynamics among ethnic groups in China. Taken together, the quantitative and qualitative results reveal a rapid decline in total fertility rates among both Han and ethnic minorities and a trend of convergence across different ethnic groups over the past few decades; in addition, the findings also show significant heterogeneity within ethnic minority populations. Our analysis sheds further light on the crucial role of social context and macro-level factors in shaping individuals’ reproductive behaviors. The results offer insights into how policies may address low fertility rates in China.

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“…However, the latter typically retains their control over the civil and political spheres to curb access to the former (May and Smilde 2016). Sahu et al (2012) point out that the minority status is commonly determined based on race and ethnicity (white, non-white), religion (Catholic, Non-Catholic, Judaic, Islam), language (English, non-English), and nationality (Irish, Japanese, American). The consequences of embracing such a status vary, including conflicts and discriminations.…”

Section: Islamic Law In Acehmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Muslims in the Qanun Jinayat and the Choice of Law in Sharia Courts in Aceh

Halim

2022

Hum Rights Rev

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The Aceh Jinayat Qanun, which is often considered violating Human Rights, has become the choice of the non-Muslim minorities as their rational choice. This study aims to analyze non-Muslims’ choice of The Aceh Jinayat Qanun implemented by the Sharia Court in Aceh and its underlying motives. This study relies on field research involving observations, in-depth interviews with Sharia Court judges, Head of the Islamic Sharia Service, Acehnese clerical figures, and Non-Muslims involved in criminal cases handled by the Sharia Courts. This study also analyzes Sharia Court decisions on criminal cases involving non-Muslims and various related documents issued by the Sharia Courts, police, and prosecutors. The study was undertaken between July 2017 and March 2020. The study shows that the Acehnese non-Muslims do not select The Aceh Jinayat Qanun because of its religious values but based on practicality, efficiency, and socio-cultural consideration. The Sharia-based sentences, which have often been conceived as inhuman and violate fundamental human rights, are chosen and become the rational choice for non-Muslims in solving their legal issues. This paper concludes that the implementation of the Sharia on non-Muslim has not always been negative. This paper demonstrates non-Muslims’ interest to choose Sharia-based criminal justice or The Aceh Jinayat Qanun over the Criminal Code. This can be seen as their rational choice over a more efficient, low-cost, effective, and fast legal process offered by The Aceh Jinayat Qanun sentencing system.

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Fertility Differentials among Religious Minorities: Cross‐national and Regional Evidence from India and Bangladesh

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Group Normative Propensities, Societal Positioning, and Childbearing: Ethno-linguistic Variation in Completed and Desired Fertility in Transitional Central Asia

Group Normative Propensities, Societal Positioning, and Childbearing: Ethno-linguistic Variation in Completed and Desired Fertility in Transitional Central Asia

Fertility transition of Han and ethnic minorities in China: A tale of convergence and variation

Non-Muslims in the Qanun Jinayat and the Choice of Law in Sharia Courts in Aceh

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