Fertility in dairy cows: bridging the gaps

Royal, Melissa; Smith, Robert F.; Friggens, Nic

doi:10.1017/s1751731108002693

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Reproductive efficiency is one of the most important economic traits in cattle production. Over the past half-century, reproductive efficiency of dairy and beef cattle has significantly declined both in cows (Lucy 2001, Inskeep & Dailey 2005, Royal et al 2008 and bulls (Coulter 1980, Coulter & Kozub 1980, Courot & Colas 1986, DeJarnette et al 2004, Kastelic 2013. Fertilization rate is heavily influenced by male factors.…”

Section: Lack Of Molecular Study On Male Reproductive Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Y chromosome-linked genes implicated in spermatogenesis in cattle

Liu¹,

Chang²

2019

Proc

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The mammalian sex chromosomes evolved from an ordinary pair of autosomes during evolution. Unlike the X chromosome that is highly conserved, the Y chromosome is poorly conserved among mammalian lineages. Several special features set the Y chromosome apart from the rest of genome: male-limited transmission, absence of recombination, abundance of Y-specific repetitive sequences, degeneration of Y-linked genes during evolution, acquisition of autosomal genes, and accumulation and functional cluster of "testis genes" for maleness and reproduction. Since the degeneration process is lineage-dependent, different lineages retain different subsets of genes from the ancestral proto-Y chromosome, resulting in a diverse and lineage-specific Y chromosome gene content. During bovine evolution, a lineage-specific 'autosome-to-Y' transposition event resulted in three bovid-specific Y chromosome gene families, PRAMEY, ZNF280BY and ZNF280AY. Together, the male-specific region (MSY) of the bovine Y chromosome (BTAY) contains ~ 1200 protein coding genes that can be classified into 12 single copy and 16 multiple copy protein families. The copy number (CN) of these Y-linked gene families varies from 13 for PRAMEY to 236 for ZNF280BY, with significant differences between the taurine and indicine Y lineages. In addition, 367 non-coding RNA families (ncRNAs) were also identified on BTAY. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 95% of the BTAY genes/ncRNAs are expressed predominantly in testis and may be involved in spermatogenesis and male fertility. Though the functional role for the majority of the Y-linked genes needs to be determined, the preliminary data on PRAMEY clearly indicated a role in spermiogenesis. Furthermore, copy number variations (CNVs) of PRAMEY, ZNF280BY, TSPY and HSFY were found to be associated with testis size, sperm quality and fertility in dairy bulls. The authors discuss several challenges that influence male fertility selection associated with the bovine Y chromosome. * The copy number was estimated from the bovine Y chromosome draft sequence assembly (acc. no. CM001061).

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Section: Lack Of Molecular Study On Male Reproductive Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Y chromosome-linked genes implicated in spermatogenesis in cattle

Liu¹,

Chang²

2019

Proc

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“…Decreasing of their reproductive efficiency is manifested through the delayed establishment of reproductive activity after calving, a frequent appears of irregular estrous cycles and reduced percentage of conception after mating or artificial insemination (Van Eerdenburg et al, 1996, Opsomer et al, 1998, Royal et al, 2002, Kerbrat and Disenhaus, 2004, Royal et al, 2008, Dobson et al, 2008. In addition to the increased incidence of reproductive disorders, it is considered that the decrease in reproductive efficiency is also a consequence of the negative energy balance (NEB), due to the inability of cows to adapt to the increased needs in energy and nutrients imposed by high milk production (Roche et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Performances of Holstein Cows with Different Milk Fat to Protein Ratio during Successive Stages of Lactation

Jotanović¹,

Mijatović²,

Stančić³

et al. 2016

AGR

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Aim of study was to determine relationship between the energy status of cows, expressed through different milk fat to protein ratio values (FPR<1.0, 1.0-1.3 and >1.3), and their reproductive performances (interval from calving to first artificial insemination; calving to conception interval; insemination index; pregnancy duration; intercalving interval) during succesive stages of lactation (day 15 th to 45 th ; day 46 th -75 th ; day 76 th -105 th ; day 106 th to 135 th of lactation). The study included a total of 350 fresh calved Holstein cows (121 primiparous, 115 secundiparous and 114 cows which calved three or more times), kept and fed in usual farm conditions. Milk samples were taken during morning milking, and FPR value was calculated from concentrations of milk fat and protein for all milk samples. Reproductive parameters were calculated from farm data. Values of all reproductive parameters, except pregnancy duration, had generally increasing trend in all groups during successive stages of lactation. During successive stages of lactation, cows with optimal FPR values had generally better reproductive performances, compared to cows with increased or decreased FPR values, which indicates importance of FPR monitoring during early lactation for timely detection of cows predisposed for poor reproductive results.

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“…Infertility affects 10-15 % of human couples, and a male factor is estimated to be involved in nearly half of these cases (Visser and Repping 2010). Among domestic animals, reproductive performance has been declining for a long time in dairy cows (Lucy 2001;Royal et al 2008;Maas et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cascade of epistatic interactions regulating teratozoospermia in mice

et al. 2015

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Infertility in humans and subfertility in domestic animals are two major reproductive problems. Among human couples, ~15% are diagnosed as infertile, and males are considered responsible in about 50% of the cases. To examine male fertility, various sperm tests including analyses of sperm morphology, sperm count and sperm mobility are usually performed. Teratozoospermia, a condition characterized by the presence of morphologically abnormal sperm, is considered as a symptom of infertility. B10.MOL-TEN1 (TEN1) mice (Mus musculus) show inherited teratozoospermia at high frequencies (~50%). In this study, the polygenic control of teratozoospermia in the TEN1 strain was analysed. A quantitative trait loci analysis indicated three statistically significant loci, Sperm-head morphology 3 (Shm3; logarithm of the odds (LOD) score, 29.25), Shm4 (LOD score, 6.80), and Shm5 (LOD score, 3.58). These three QTL peaks were mapped to 24.3 centimorgans (cM) on chromosome 1, 32.0 cM on chromosome X, and 63.8 cM on chromosome 6, respectively. Another locus that is yet to be determined was also predicted. Shm3 was found to be the major locus responsible for teratozoospermia, and a sequential cascade of interactions of the other three loci was apparent. These results are expected to help understand the mechanisms underlying reproductive problems in humans or domestic animals.

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Fertility in dairy cows: bridging the gaps

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Y chromosome-linked genes implicated in spermatogenesis in cattle

Y chromosome-linked genes implicated in spermatogenesis in cattle

Reproductive Performances of Holstein Cows with Different Milk Fat to Protein Ratio during Successive Stages of Lactation

A Cascade of epistatic interactions regulating teratozoospermia in mice

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