Fertility of women in the NLSY79

Aughinbaugh, Alison; Sun, Hugette

doi:10.21916/mlr.2016.17

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Women who had their first children after age 30 earned 6 percent more than nonmothers and 13 percent more if they were college educated (Amuedo-Dorantes and Kimmel 2005). Delayed childbearing results in higher wages through greater investments in human capital and higher returns to education (Blackburn et al 1993) and more continuous work experience (Aughinbaugh and Sun 2016). Considering the motherhood wage gap across 140 occupations, I formulate the following prediction on the effect of first-birth timing:…”

Section: The Motherhood Wage Penalty and The Timing Of Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-Birth Timing and the Motherhood Wage Gap in 140 Occupations

Landivar

2020

Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World

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Is delayed fertility associated with a reduced motherhood wage gap in all occupations? Using multilevel models and data from the 2011–2015 American Community Survey, O*NET, and the Current Population Survey, I examine whether delayed fertility is associated with a reduced motherhood wage gap in 140 occupations. Delayed childbearing is one strategy women use to mitigate the motherhood wage penalty. Findings indicate that mothers in high-earning professional occupations experienced the largest wage penalties with early motherhood but also the largest premiums with delayed childbearing. Although delaying a first birth mitigated the motherhood wage penalty in high-wage occupations requiring extensive career preparation, the majority of women who worked in lower wage occupations with more limited human capital requirements experienced no economic benefit from older motherhood. These results challenge the broader narrative that most women can improve their long-term earnings and partly overcome the structural motherhood wage gap by delaying fertility.

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Section: The Motherhood Wage Penalty and The Timing Of Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-Birth Timing and the Motherhood Wage Gap in 140 Occupations

Landivar

2020

Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World

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“…Women who had their first child after age 30 earned 6 percent more than childless women, and 13 percent more if they were college-educated (Amuedo-Dorantes and Kimmel 2005). Delayed childbearing results in higher wages through greater investments in human capital (Blackburn, Bloom, and Neumark 1993), higher returns to education (Blackburn, Bloom, and Neumark 1993), and more continuous work experience (Taniguchi 1999;Aughinbaugh and Sun 2016).…”

Section: Reconciling Mixed Findings On the Motherhood Wage Gapmentioning

confidence: 99%

How the Timing of Children Affects Earnings in 20 Occupations

Landivar

2018

Preprint

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Ample evidence shows that mothers earn less than non-mothers, yet recent studies show that the motherhood earnings penalty diverges by occupation. Women in professional occupations have greater access to workplace benefits which help reconcile work-family responsibilities and reduce non-employment spells. However, because of their higher earnings, women in professional occupations who re-enter after a break may experience significant earnings penalties. One strategy women employ to mitigate the earnings penalty is to delay childbearing. Here, I examine whether delayed fertility is positively associated with a reduced motherhood wage gap across 20 occupations. Using multilevel models and 2011-2015 American Community Survey data, I show that mothers in professional occupations experienced the largest earnings penalty with early motherhood, but also the largest premium with delayed childbearing. While delaying a first birth mitigates the earnings penalty in high-wage occupations requiring extensive career preparation, women in low-wage occupations experienced little economic benefit from older motherhood.

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“…This author used follow-up data 2008–2012 and found that the fertility rate was higher in rural illiterate women than urban literate women. Kasey [7] and Aughinbaugh [8] used the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) to examine the wage-earning implications of delaying the first birth. This article found that an annual 3 % wage premium existed for each year of delayed motherhood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertility differential of women in Bangladesh demographic and health survey 2014

Roy¹,

Hossain²

2017

Fertil Res and Pract

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine the fertility differential of women age 15 to 49 using data from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2014- a survey of women who were born from 1963 to 1999.MethodsThe secondary data analysis was carried out using the BDHS 2014 in order to discuss differences in childbearing practices in Bangladesh. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data including education level, geographic location, and religion. A trend test used to assess the inferences.ResultsOn average, women had 2.3 children in the BDHS 2014; more than 90% of them gave birth to at least one child by age 49 and the average age of first birth was 18 years. Fertility of women strongly differed by education (p < 0.001). The percentage of women with secondary education who had no child was 50.3% and never attended school 8.4%;those with secondary education were six times as likely as those who never attended school to have no child and this pattern was stronger among urban compared with rural women.ConclusionsFertility differential becomes robust as education increases. Women’s fertility is also related to religion and residence, but these factors were not strongly related as those educational attainments.

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Fertility of women in the NLSY79

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

First-Birth Timing and the Motherhood Wage Gap in 140 Occupations

First-Birth Timing and the Motherhood Wage Gap in 140 Occupations

How the Timing of Children Affects Earnings in 20 Occupations

Fertility differential of women in Bangladesh demographic and health survey 2014

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