Fertilização Orgânica Com Carbono No Cultivo Intensivo Em Viveiros Com Sistema De Bioflocos Do Camarão Branco Litopenaeus Vannamei

Abstract

peso médio inicial de 0,112 ± 0,07g foram cultivados na densidade de 85 camarões m-2 em 6 viveiros escavados (500 m² cada) e revestidos com PEAD (geomembrana). No tratamento com fertilização de carbono não houve renovação da água de cultivo. No tratamento controle os camarões foram cultivados sem adição extra de carbono, e renovação de água foi de 10 % por semana. Não houve diferença significativa entre os parâmetros de qualidade de água (p>0,05). A sobrevivência e conversão alimentar não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos. Entretanto, os camarões cultivados no tratamento com fertilização de carbono apresentaram peso médio final significativamente maior (p<0,05) (10,72 g ± 2,12) em relação ao controle (8,45 g ± 2,03). PALAVRAS CHAVE: Biofloco, Litopenaeus vannamei, fertilização de carbono ABSTRACT Carbon addition in intensive culture of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei with bioflocThis study evaluated the effects of carbon addition in the water quality and performance of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared in a minimal water exchange intensive system with suspended microbial flocs. Juveniles of L. vannamei with an initial mean weight of 0.112 ± 0.07 g were reared in 6 lined ponds (500 m2) at a density of 85 shrimp/m2. Two treatments with tree replicates each were applied -TM (Molasses treatment) and TC (Control Treatment). Ponds from the Molasses treatment were organically fertilized with molasses (as a carbon source) every week and no water exchange was performed. At the ponds from the control treatment shrimp were reared without molasses addition and water was exchange at a 10 % rate every week. Aeration was provided to all tanks with a 1hp paddle wheel aerators (equivalent to 20hp per hectare). The physical and chemical water quality factors were within the recommended range for this species culture and there were no significant differences between treatments throughout the experimental period. Similarly, survival and feed conversion rate did not show significant differences between treatments (p>0.05). However, shrimp reared in the Molasses treatment achieved significant higher (p<0.05) mean final weight (10.72 ± 2.12 g) than shrimp reared in the control treatment (8.45 ± 2.03 g).

Biofloc production in activated sludge system treating shrimp farming effluent

“…According to Fróes et al (2012) and Schveitzer et al (2013a), the addition of sugarcane molasses as an external source of carbon to the ASS favors the transition from an autotrophic to a heterotrophic medium and the control of nitrogen compounds in the system, which is in agreement to the findings of this work. Avnimelech (1999) and that of ammoniacal nitrogen was lower than the detection limit of the method (5.0 mg N-NH 3 .L -1 ).…”

“…After the shrimp farming wastewater was supplemented with molasses and nutrients at a ratio of 100C:5N:1P, as suggested in the literature (RATSAK; MAARSEN; KOOIJMAN, 1996;KARAMALIDIS et al, 2010;WIJEKOON;VISVANATHAN;ABEYNAYAKA, 2011;SHAHI et al, 2016), the value of COD increased to 1,170±430 mg O 2 .L -1 , and the concentration of TSS increased to 323±128 mg.L -1 , thus, reaching adequate levels for the growth of a heterotrophic community (AVNIMELECH, 1999). This increase in the concentration of TSS positively affected the system because, as reported by Fróes et al (2012) and Schveitzer et al (2013b), the removal of ammonia is hindered when the concentration of TSS is lower than 200 mg.L -1 due to slow nitrification by autotrophic bacteria.…”

Comparative strategies for intensive shrimp production in ponds using biofloc technology system in Southern Brazil: Water quality, zootechnical performance and economic viability forLitopenaeus vannamei

“…The results of the present study were higher than those reported by Sareban et al (2013), in which two cycles per year had yields ranging from 4000 to 5625 kg ha −1 cycle −1 . Similar results were obtained by Fróes et al (2012) that found a yield of 6759 kg ha −1 cycle −1 in lined ponds without organic carbon fertilization. Similarly, Sookying et al (2011) obtained a yield of 6149 kg ha −1 cycle −1 in L. vannamei ponds.…”

Cultivo De Camarões Em Sistema De Bioflocos No Brasil: Uma Alternativa Sustentável Às Intensificações Na Aquicultura

“…Para alcançar esta proporção, realiza-se a fertilização da água com fontes ricas em carbono orgânico, como melaço, dextrose, farelos de trigo e arroz, farinha de mandioca, entre outras (Froes et al, 2012). De acordo com Avnimelech (1999), a fonte de carbono serve como um substrato para o bioflocos.…”