Fertilization management of crops irrigated with saline water

Feigin, A.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-5111-2_19

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, no generalization can be derived about interaction between salinity and K application from the last harvest in the Nordiya soil. Bernstein et al (1974) and Feigin (1985) suggested that the interaction of salinity with soil fertility be analyzed by assessing the slope of relative yield as a function of salinity for a given fertility. With this analysis, the interaction of salinity with fertility is significant if different slopes are observed for the relationship between the relative yield as a function of salinity for different soil fertility levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium-salinity interactions in irrigated corn

1991

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confidence: 99%

Potassium-salinity interactions in irrigated corn

1991

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“…and clover (Trifolium alexandrinurn L. cv. Fahli) grown in a saline soil, Bernstein et al (1974) and Nieman and Clark (1976) detected reduction in the yield of corn (Zea rnays L.) grown in sand culture when a high salinity level was coupled with a high concentration of P. Other authors presented data showing an absence of a significant nutritive effect on crop salinity tolerance (Bernstein et al 1974;Maas and Hoffman 1977;Feigin 1985;Selassie and Wagenet 1981). However, these and other data show that plants can differ greatly in their response to nutrition management under different salinity environmental combinations.…”

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Combined effects of KNO3 and salinity on yield and chemical composition of lettuce and Chinese cabbage

et al. 1991

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The effect of N and K nutrition on the salt tolerance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. 'Salinas') and Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L., Pekinensis cv. Kazumi) was evaluated in three greenhouse experiments under a controlled aero-hydroponic system of cultivation. Three levels of KNO3 (1, 5 and 10 mM) were tested in all the experiments with rapidly circulated saline and nonsaline nutrient solutions. Two experiments, carried out between January and March 1989, with lettuce (Exp. I) and Chinese cabbage plants (Exp. III), consisted of two salinity levels, EC= 1.75 and 6.0 dS m-l, the former representing a nonsaline nutrient solution. In the third experiment with lettuce (Exp. II., conducted between March and May 1989), three saline nutrient solutions having EC levels of 4.7, 7.75 and 10.75 dS m-1 were compared to the nonsaline solution. The nutrient solutions were salinized with NaC1 and CaC12, in a 4:1 molar ratio. The highest yields of fresh weight of both crops were obtained from the 5 mM KNO 3 under both saline and non-saline conditions. The 10 mM treatment caused yield reduction in Chinese cabbage, probably due to a severe tipburn disorder. The relatively high fresh weight yield obtained at the lowest (1 raM) KNO 3 level can be explained by the positive effect of circulation velocity on nutrient uptake. The threshold salinity damage value for the vegetative yield of lettuce plants fed by 5 or 10 mM KNO 3 was approximately 5 dSm -1 and the yield decreased by 6.5% per unit dS m-1 above the threshold. No yield improvement due to the addition of KNO 3 occurred under highly saline conditions (Exp. II). The fresh weight of Chinese cabbage obtained from the 'saline' 1 and 5 mM KNO 3 treatments was approximately 15% lower than the 'non-saline'-treatment (Exp. III). Salinity increased tipburn and the effect was not altered by the addition of KNO 3 . No significant interaction between nutrition (KNO 3 level) and salinity was found. The application of salts increased the concentration of Na and C1 * Contribution from Institute of Soils and Water, ARO, Volcani Center, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel. No. 3092-E 1990 series Offprint requests to: A Feigin in plant tissue and reduced the levels of N and K; the opposite occurred in plants fed by the medium and high levels of KNO a .The yield and quality of leaf vegetables, such as lettuce and Chinese cabbage, grown on irrigated land can be considerably influenced by water composition. This is also true for greenhouse-grown crops when saline water is used for irrigation or, when grown in soil, where a high water table or the accumulation of fertilizer residues contributes to the development of saline conditions (Sonneveld 1988). Alleviation of salt stress in leaf vegetables is important not only to prevent yield losses but also to avoid quality deterioration due to physiological disorders such as tipburn van den Ende et al. 1975).As salt damage to crops involves not only total salt effect (osmotic effect) but also specific ion effects (Lauchli and Epstein 1984) it has b...

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“…In particular to answer the questions, can partial wetting of the soil surface, shown to be an effective way of irrigation (Bielorai et al 1985), affect the sensitivity of citrus to saline irrigation water? Can the addition of K mitigate the effects of Na on soil structure, or can the addition of NO 3 reduce the uptake of C1, as advocated by Feigin (1985)? This project was initiated in order to provide answers to these questions.…”

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The effect of saline irrigation water on ?Shamouti? orange trees

et al. 1991

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An irrigation experiment with water of different salinities (2.8, 7.6 and 12.7 tool C1 m -a) was carried out from 1982 to 1988 in a mature "Shamouti" orange grove in the coastal plain of Israel. Seasonal accumulation of salts in the soil solution of the root zone (EC of more than 4.0 dS m-1 at the end of the irrigation season) was almost totally leached during the winter. The average annual rainfall of 550 mm reduced EC values below 1.0 dS m-1. Tree growth, as measured by the increase in cross sectional area of main branches, was retarded by saline irrigation water (123, 107 and 99 cm 2 growth per tree during six years for the 2.8, 7.6 and 12.7 mol C1 m-3 treatments, respectively). Potassium fertilization (360 kg K20 ha -1) increased yield at all salinity levels during the last three years of the experiment, mainly by increasing fruit size. Saline irrigation water slightly increased sucrose and C1 concentrations in the fruit juice. Salinity decreased transpiration, increased soil water potential before irrigation and decreased leaf water potential. However, the changes in leaf water potential were small. Leaf C1 and Na concentrations increased gradually during the experimental period, but did not reach toxic levels up to the end of the experiment (4.4 g C1 kg-1 dry matter in the high salt treatment vs. 1.7 in the control). Relatively more leaf shedding occurred in the salinized trees as compared to the control. The sour orange rootstock apparently provided an effective barrier to NaC1 uptake; therefore, the main effect of salinity was probably osmotic in nature. No interactions were found between N or K fertilization and salinity. Additional N fertilization (160 kg N ha-1 over and above the 200 kg in the control) did not reduce C1 absorption nor did it affect yield or fruit quality. Additional K had no effect on Na absorption but yield and fruit size were increased at all salinity levels. No significant differences were obtained between partial and complete soil surface wetting (30% and 90% of the total soil area resp.) with the same amounts of irrigation water. The effect of salinity on yield over the six years of the experiment was relatively small and occurred Offprint requests to: S. Dasberg only after some years. But, in the last three years salinity significantly reduced average yields to 74.6, 67.1, and 64.2 Mg ha-1 for the three levels of salinity, respectively.These results suggest that saline waters of up to 13 mol C1 m-3 primarily influence the tree water uptake and growth response of "Shamouti" orange trees, whereas yield was only slightly reduced during six years.The effect of salinity on citrus culture was comprehensively reviewed by Bernstein (1969). He concluded that salt tolerance was very much dependent on rootstock: sour orange and rough lemon were less sensitive than sweet lime and Troyer citrange while Cleopatra mandarin was the most tolerant. Large differences in C1 and Na uptake by different citrus rootstocks were subsequently reported by Grieve and Walker (1983). A survey of citrus orchard...

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Fertilization management of crops irrigated with saline water

Cited by 39 publications

References 21 publications

Potassium-salinity interactions in irrigated corn

Potassium-salinity interactions in irrigated corn

Combined effects of KNO3 and salinity on yield and chemical composition of lettuce and Chinese cabbage

The effect of saline irrigation water on ?Shamouti? orange trees

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