Fertilization time of slow‐release fertilizer affects the physicochemical properties of starch from spring‐sown waxy maize

Yuan, Chao; Wang, Siyang; Lu, Dalei

doi:10.1002/jsfa.11436

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Another study has reported that ACL is unaffected by N fertilization [ 43 ], and that the ACL gradually increased with the increase of N rate at the panicle stage [ 44 ]. In waxy maize, the ACL was unaffected by CF but its response to SF was different between the two years [ 30 ]. A study on rice has reported that the ACL’s response to N rates is dependent on cultivars, and that the change is consistent to the relative expression level of soluble starch synthase I and branching enzymes IIb [ 12 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past decade, studies on rice [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] and wheat [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ] have reported that the application of SF affects the grain quality by changing the concentrations of protein, starch, oil and mineral elements. However, studies have mainly focused on the grain quality while starch structural and functional properties have received less attention [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Starch Physicochemical Properties of Normal Maize under Different Fertilization Modes

Wang

2022

Polymers

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Improving the quality with desired functions of natural starch through agronomic practice will meet the increasing need of people for natural, functional foods. A one-off application of slow-release fertilizer is a simple and efficient practice in maize production, though its influence on the starch quality is scarce. In the present study, the structural and functional properties of the starch of normal maize under two fertilization modes (one-off application of slow-release fertilizer at the sowing time (SF), and three applications of conventional fertilizer at the sowing time, and topdressing at the jointing and flowering stages (CF)) under the same fertilization level (N/P2O5/K2O = 405/135/135 kg/ha) were studied using Jiangyu877 (JY877) and Suyu30 (SY30) as materials. The observed results indicate that the size of starch granules was enlarged by fertilization and the size was the largest under CF in both hybrids. The amylose content was unaffected by CF and reduced by SF in both hybrids. In comparison to no fertilizer (0F), the peak 1/peak 2 ratio was decreased by CF in both hybrids, whereas the ratio under SF was unaffected in JY877 and decreased in SY30. The amylopectin average chain-length was reduced by fertilization and the reduction was higher under CF in JY877. The relative crystallinity was increased by CF in both hybrids and the value under SF was unaffected in SY30 and increased in JY877. The peak, trough, and final viscosities of starch were increased by fertilization in both hybrids. The starch thermal characteristics in response to fertilization modes were dependent on hybrids. The retrogradation enthalpy and percentage were increased by CF in both hybrids, whereas those two parameters under SF were increased in SY30 and decreased in JY877. In conclusion, starch with similar granule size, higher peak 1/peak 2 ratio, and lower relative crystallinity was obtained under SF than under CF for both hybrids. Longer amylopectin chain-length was observed in JY877, which induced lower pasting viscosities in SY30 and lower retrogradation characteristics in JY877.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch Physicochemical Properties of Normal Maize under Different Fertilization Modes

Wang

2022

Polymers

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“…Furthermore, compared with treatments using high-level nitrogen fertilizers, moderate nitrogen fertilizers significantly increased peak viscosity and final viscosity of starch in common buckwheat [ 58 ]. In waxy maize, the peak viscosity, final viscosity and setback viscosity of starch in grain increased gradually with the delayed application of slow-release fertilizer, where a one-time application of slow-release fertilizer at six leaf stages significantly increased peak viscosity, final viscosity and setback viscosity of grain starch, which made the grain taste waxier and softer [ 28 ]. In our study, delayed application of SCU and RCU significantly increased peak viscosity, final viscosity and setback viscosity of lotus rhizome starch, which were significantly reduced under SCU1 and RCU1 treatments ( Table 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In maize, slow-release fertilizer could significantly increase SPAD, grain nitrogen content and maize yield [ 27 ]. After delayed treatment of slow-release fertilizer (six-leaf stage treatment), the starch content and the number of large starch granules of waxy maize were significantly increased and the starch pasting properties was significantly improved [ 28 ]. These results indicate that changing fertilizer application times is a strategy for pursuing high-yield, high-quality crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Slow-Release Fertilizer on Lotus Rhizome Yield and Starch Quality under Different Fertilization Periods

Zhu

Deng

et al. 2023

Plants

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Slow-release fertilizer is an environmentally friendly fertilizer that is widely used in crop cultivation instead of traditional nitrogen fertilizer. However, the optimal application time of slow-release fertilizer and its effect on starch accumulation and rhizome quality of lotus remains unclear. In this study, two slow-release fertilizer applications (sulfur-coated compound fertilizer, SCU, and resin-coated urea, RCU) were fertilized under three fertilization periods (the erect leaf stage, SCU1 and RCU1; the erect leaf completely covering the water stage, SCU2 and RCU2; and the swelling stage of lotus rhizomes, SCU3 and RCU3) to study the effects of different application periods. Compared with CK (0 kg∙ha−1 nitrogen fertilizer), leaf relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) remained at higher levels under SCU1 and RCU1. Further studies showed that SCU1 and RCU1 increased yield, amylose content, amylopectin and total starch, and the number of starch particles in lotus, and also significantly reduced peak viscosity, final viscosity and setback viscosity of lotus rhizome starch. To account for these changes, we measured the activity of key enzymes in starch synthesis and the relative expression levels of related genes. Through analysis, we found that these parameters increased significantly under SCU and RCU treatment, especially under SCU1 and RCU1 treatment. The results of this study showed that the one-time application at the erect leaf stage (SCU1 and RCU1) could improve the physicochemical properties of starch by regulating the key enzymes and related genes of starch synthesis, thus improving the nutritional quality of lotus rhizome. These results provide a technical choice for the one-time application of slow-release fertilizer in lotus rhizome production and cultivation.

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“…Starch formation is closely linked to the activities of critical enzymes such as sucrose synthase (SuSy), ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), soluble starch synthase (SSS), and starch branching enzyme (SBE) [21,22]. Previous studies have shown that appropriate cultural practices such as slow-release fertilizer application, increased nitrogen supply, and chemical control can stimulate starch formation by increasing the activities of these enzymes, thereby improving maize grain filling [23,24]. It can be seen that variations in the activities of these critical enzymes for starch synthesis can regulate grain filling by affecting starch formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 6-Benzyladenine (6-BA) on the Filling Process of Maize Grains Placed at Different Ear Positions under High Planting Density

Yu,

Xin,

Liu

2023

Plants

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Increasing grain weight under dense planting conditions can further improve maize yield. 6-BA is known to be involved in regulating grain development and influencing grain weight. Maize grain development is closely linked to starch accumulation and hormone levels. In this work, the effects of applying 6-BA at the flowering stage under high density on the grain filling characteristics, starch content, starch synthesis critical enzyme activity, and endogenous hormones levels of maize grains (including inferior grains (IGs) and superior grains (SGs)) of two high-yielding summer maize varieties widely cultivated in China were investigated. The findings indicated that applying 6-BA significantly improved maize yield compared to the control, mainly as a result of increased grain weight due to a faster grain filling rate. Additionally, the activities of enzymes associated with starch synthesis, including sucrose synthase (SuSy), ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), soluble starch synthase (SSS), and starch branching enzyme (SBE), were all increased following 6-BA application, thus facilitating starch accumulation in the grains. Applying 6-BA also increased the zeatin riboside (ZR), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) levels, and reduced the gibberellin (GA3) level in the grains, which further improved grain filling. It is worth noting that IG had a poorer filling process than SG, possibly due to the low activities of critical enzymes for starch synthesis and imbalanced endogenous hormones levels. However, IG responded more strongly to exogenous 6-BA than SG. It appears that applying 6-BA is beneficial in improving filling characteristics, promoting starch accumulation by enhancing the activities of critical enzymes for starch synthesis, and altering endogenous hormones levels in the grains, thus improving grain filling and increasing the final grain weight and yield of maize grown under crowded conditions. These results provide theoretical and technical support for the further utilization of exogenous hormones in high-density maize production.

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Fertilization time of slow‐release fertilizer affects the physicochemical properties of starch from spring‐sown waxy maize

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Starch Physicochemical Properties of Normal Maize under Different Fertilization Modes

Starch Physicochemical Properties of Normal Maize under Different Fertilization Modes

Effects of Slow-Release Fertilizer on Lotus Rhizome Yield and Starch Quality under Different Fertilization Periods

Effects of 6-Benzyladenine (6-BA) on the Filling Process of Maize Grains Placed at Different Ear Positions under High Planting Density

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