Fertilizer Technology, Pilot Plant Production of Nitric Phosphate Fertilizers Using the TVA Continuous Ammoniator

Fertilizer Technology, Ammoniation of Nitric Acid Extracts of Rock Phosphate

“…Each portion was ammoniated to about 65% of the ammonia requirement in a single continuous Calculated on assumption that precipitate is composed wholly of calcium fluoride, dicalcium phosphate, and fluorapatite. 6 Hydrochloric acid equivalent to hydrofluoric acid in amount to give weight ratio F:P2Ó.-, of 0.125. Assuming that precipitate consists of only calcium fluoride, dicalcium phosphate, and fluorapatite.…”

“…The phosphatic residues could extraction step, and the extract is neutralized with ammonia in a continuous operation comprising three or more stages. This paper relates to these slurrytype processes, and the results may not be directly applicable to the solids-tvpe processes (6) in which more concentrated acids are used and the phosphorus is never all in solution at once. The rate of ammoniation (amount of ammonia added to a given stage in a continuous slurry-type process) is critical in at least part of the neutralization step.…”

Fertilizer Technology, Pilot Plant Studies of a Nitric Phosphate Process

“…In fact, these reactions are highly desirable as they tend to stabilize the product. Any reactions taking place during storage, either on the heap or in the bags, may cause unpleasant consequences, such as evolution of heat, decomposition of nitrates, and caking (5)(6)(7).…”