Fetal brain tissue transplants reduce visual deficits in adult rats with bilateral lesions of the occipital cortex

Stein, Donald G.; Labbe, Randy; Attella, Michael J.; Rakowsky, Holly A.

doi:10.1016/s0163-1047(85)90282-1

Cited by 76 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This presumption was challenged when Stein and colleagues demonstrated recovery in a T-maze delayed alternation task in rats with prefrontal cortex lesions following transplantation of embryonic cortical tissue into the lesion cavity (Labbe et al 1983;Stein et al 1988). This remarkable observation has been replicated in other laboratories (Kesslak et al 1986a;, and similar effects have since been reported on the recovery of a variety of other tasks following transplantation of embryonic cortical tissues (Haun et al 1985;Stein et al 1985;Bermudez-Rattoni et al 1987;Kolb et al 1988;Escobar et al 1989).…”

Section: Grafts To Deliver Trophic Factorssupporting

confidence: 59%

Neural transplants as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease?

Dunnett¹

1991

Psychol. Med.

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Section: Grafts To Deliver Trophic Factorssupporting

confidence: 59%

Neural transplants as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease?

Dunnett¹

1991

Psychol. Med.

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“…These include recovery of spatial navigation learning in the Moms water maze following prefrontal lesions (Kolb et al, 1988; but see Dunnett et a f . , 1987a), of visual brightness and pattern discrimination following occipital cortex lesions (Haun et al, 1985;Stein et al, 1985), of taste aversion learning following gustatory neocortex lesions (Bermudez-Rattoni et al, 1987;Escobar et al, 1989), and of spatial maze learning following allo-cortical (hippocampal) lesions (Kimble et al , 1986).…”

Section: Cortical Graftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, recovery is only observed when the graft surgery is conducted within 7 -14 days of the lesions, and not with either shorter or longer intervals (Dunnett et al, 1987a;Kesslak et al, 1986a;Stein et al, 1988). Secondly, the grafts are only effective in studies where behavioural testing commences within a few days of transplantation surgery, before sufficient time has elapsed for the growth of any graft-host connections, and not when behavioural testing is delayed by 4 weeks or more (Dunnett et al, 1987a;Kolb er al., 1988;Stein et al, 1985). Indeed, Dunnett et al (1987a) demonstrated one group of animals, transplanted 7 days following frontal cortex lesion, which were significantly impaired in T-maze alternation learning with respect to rats with lesions alone when tested after a 6 month interval, even though these same animals had shown an initial improvement when tested 1 week after surgery.…”

Section: Reformation Of Afferent And/or Efferent Connections Between mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These observations suggest that although the cortical graft tissue may come to form connections with the host brain this process does not underlie the functional recovery that is often observed. Rather, in view of the rapid sequence of the behavioural changes, it has been sugested that cortical grafts stimulate or secrete neurotrophic substances that promote functional recovery in the host brain (Kesslak et al, 1986b;Dunnett et al, 1987a;Stein, 1987;Stein et al, 1985Stein et al, , 1988. Thus, Kesslak et al (1986a,b) demonstrated that implants of purified cultured astrocytes or of adult tissue grafts predominantly comprised of glia were as effective as transplants of embryonic cortex in reducing deficits in delayed alternation learning.…”

Section: Reformation Of Afferent And/or Efferent Connections Between mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural Transplantation in Animal Models of Dementia

Dunnett

1990

Eur J of Neuroscience

116

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Neural transplantation provides a powerful novel technique for investigating the neurobiological basis and potential strategies for repair of a variety of neurodegenerative conditions. The present review considers applications of this technique to dementia. After a general introduction (section 1), attempts to replace damaged neural systems by transplantation are considered in the context of distinct animal models of dementia. These include grafting into aged animals (section 2), into animals with neurotransmitter-selective lesions of subcortical nuclei, in particular involving basal forebrain cholinergic systems (section 3), and into animals with non-specific lesions of neocortical and hippocampal systems (section 4). The next section considers the alternative use of grafts as a source of growth/trophic factors to inhibit degeneration and promote regeneration in the aged brain (section 5). Finally, a number of recent studies have employed transplanted tissues to model and study the neurodegenerative processes associated with ageing and Alzheimer's disease taking place within the transplant itself (section 6). It is concluded (section 7) that although neural transplantation does not offer any immediate prospect of therapeutic repair in clinical dementia, the technique does offer a powerful neurobiological tool for studying the neuropathological processes involved in both spontaneous degeneration and specific diseases of ageing. New understandings derived from neural transplantation may be expected to lead to rational development of novel strategies to inhibit the neurodegenerative process and to promote regeneration in the aged brain.

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“…It may be more difficult to achieve functional restitution in systems that require highly specific projections. Nevertheless, transplants of fetal cortex into lesion sites in frontal and occipital cortex reduce some of the deficits normally associated with these lesions (Labbe et al, 1983;Stein et al, 1985). It is not clear how these grafts exert their effects.…”

Section: What Types Of Tissue Might Be Replaceable With Transplants?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reorganization of Neuronal Connections Following CNS Trauma: Principles and Experimental Paradigms

Steward

1989

Journal of Neurotrauma

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The present review summarizes how the nervous system responds to trauma. The goal is to provide an introduction to the problems, techniques, experimental paradigms, current issues, and future promise. The review is especially designed for basic scientists and clinicians who are not currently involved in research on CNS reorganization, and for students just entering the field. The review characterizes the secondary degenerative events that occur after trauma, and the types of growth that commonly occur. A standard terminology is set forth with criteria for differentiating between related phenomena. Experimental methods are described that can be used documenting reorganization of circuitry. The principles that determine whether a given process will or will not occur are summarized, and some of the factors that may regulate the nature and extent of growth are considered. Research strategies are outlined that have been used to evaluate whether reorganization of circuitry is functionally significant. Finally, future directions in research and clinical application are discussed, focusing especially on the efforts to facilitate regeneration, and the work on transplants of CNS tissue to facilitate growth of surviving connections, and to replace tissue destroyed by trauma.

show abstract

Fetal brain tissue transplants reduce visual deficits in adult rats with bilateral lesions of the occipital cortex

Cited by 76 publications

References 14 publications

Neural transplants as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease?

Neural transplants as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease?

Neural Transplantation in Animal Models of Dementia

Reorganization of Neuronal Connections Following CNS Trauma: Principles and Experimental Paradigms

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