Fetal cortisol response to intrauterine microbial colonisation identified by the polymerase chain reaction and fetal inflammation

Miralles, Robin; Hodge, Rachel; Kotecha, Sailesh

doi:10.1136/adc.2006.110130

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Of 3170 potentially relevant studies, 158 (5.0%) 13,15,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Chorioamnionitis With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Among Preterm Infants

et al. 2019

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Key PointsQuestionIs chorioamnionitis a risk factor for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants?FindingsThis systematic review, meta-analysis, and metaregression found that chorioamnionitis was associated with an increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants but also found significant differences in baseline characteristics between infants with and infants without chorioamnionitis. A multivariate metaregression model combining the difference in gestational age and the odds of respiratory distress syndrome was associated with 64% of the variance in the association between chorioamnionitis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.MeaningExposure to chorioamnionitis is associated with a higher risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants, but this association may be modulated by gestational age and risk of respiratory distress syndrome.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…84 Nine studies defined CA using a microbiological definition. 28,29,47,53,58,64,131,135,152 Finally, 16 studies 102,104,105,108,113,120,123,128,129,130,139,141,148,155,160,170 did not define CA and, for the purposes of analysis, were considered to evaluate clinical CA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Chorioamnionitis With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Among Preterm Infants

et al. 2019

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“…Fetuses and preterm newborns exposed to chronic intrauterine infections have been shown to exhibit elevated amniotic fluid cortisol levels [ 85 ] and increased cord blood cortisol levels [ 86 ]. Such an increase can persist through the first 3 weeks of neonatal life [ 87 ].…”

Section: Introduction: Infections In Pregnancy and The Developing Fetusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Maternal Infections and Inflammatory Responses on Craniofacial Development

Bhagirath

Medapati

Jesus

et al. 2021

Front. Oral. Health

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Pregnancy is a tightly regulated immunological state. Mild environmental perturbations can affect the developing fetus significantly. Infections can elicit severe immunological cascades in the mother's body as well as the developing fetus. Maternal infections and resulting inflammatory responses can mediate epigenetic changes in the fetal genome, depending on the developmental stage. The craniofacial development begins at the early stages of embryogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the immunology of pregnancy and its responsive mechanisms on maternal infections. Further, we will also discuss the epigenetic effects of pathogens, their metabolites and resulting inflammatory responses on the fetus with a special focus on craniofacial development. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of infections and dysregulated inflammatory responses during prenatal development could provide better insights into the origins of craniofacial birth defects.

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“…In brief, cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF, for example) elicit an acute hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response, mainly by stimulating corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) secretion, while glucocorticoid hormones modulate tissue inflammatory responses. (8) Accordingly, elevated amniotic fluid cortisol levels(9) and increased cord blood cortisol levels(10) are found in fetuses and preterm newborns exposed to intrauterine infection compared to those non-exposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal and postnatal inflammation in relation to cortisol levels in preterm infants at 18 months corrected age

et al. 2013

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ObjectiveTo examine whether early inflammation is related to cortisol levels at 18 months corrected age (CA) in children born very preterm.Study DesignInfants born ≤ 32 weeks gestational age were recruited in the NICU, and placental histopathology, MRI, and chart review were obtained. At 18 months CA developmental assessment and collection of 3 salivary cortisol samples were carried out. Generalized least squares was used to analyze data from 85 infants providing 222 cortisol samples.ResultsInfants exposed to chorioamnionitis with funisitis had a significantly different pattern of cortisol across the samples compared to infants with chorioamnionitis alone or no prenatal inflammation (F[4,139] = 7.3996, P <.0001). Postnatal infections, necrotizing enterocolitis and chronic lung disease were not significantly associated with the cortisol pattern at 18 months CA.ConclusionIn children born very preterm, prenatal inflammatory stress may contribute to altered programming of the HPA axis.

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Fetal cortisol response to intrauterine microbial colonisation identified by the polymerase chain reaction and fetal inflammation

Abstract: In this study, cord blood cortisol was increased in the colonised group compared with non-colonised infants. It is unclear if infants born following prelabour premature rupture of the membranes mount an adequate anti-inflammatory response.

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Association of Chorioamnionitis With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Among Preterm Infants

Association of Chorioamnionitis With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Among Preterm Infants

Role of Maternal Infections and Inflammatory Responses on Craniofacial Development

Prenatal and postnatal inflammation in relation to cortisol levels in preterm infants at 18 months corrected age

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