Fetal Iron Deficiency and Genotype Influence Emotionality in Infant Rhesus Monkeys

Golub, Mari S.; Hogrefe, Casey E.

doi:10.3945/jn.114.201798

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Because of high Fe requirements in both the fetus and the mother, maternal ID is a common condition in pregnancy ( 36 , 37 ) . The rationale for identifying it as a risk factor in infant neurodevelopment is that the fetus receives reduced placental transfer of Fe, causing either reduced Fe stores for the important 1st month of postnatal brain development, when Fe requirements in the infant are largely met by the inborn stores ( 24 , 38 ) , or direct prenatal compromise during fetal brain development ( 6 , 9 , 39 ) . The magnitude of this risk has previously been considered low, because of the efficient Fe uptake mechanism in the placenta.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of maternal iron deficiency and being overweight during pregnancy on neurodevelopment of the offspring

et al. 2017

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Both maternal Fe deficiency (ID) and being overweight or obese (Ow/Ob, BMI≥25 kg/m2) may negatively affect offspring brain development. However, the two risk factors correlate and their independent effects on infant neurodevelopment are unclear. PREOBE is a prospective observational study that included 331 pregnant Spanish women, of whom 166 had pre-gestational Ow/Ob. Fe status was analysed at 34 weeks and at delivery, and babies were assessed using Bayley III scales of neurodevelopment at 18 months. In confounder-adjusted analyses, maternal ID at 34 weeks was associated with lower composite motor scores at 18 months (mean 113·3 (sd 9·9) v. 117·1 (sd 9·2), P=0·039). Further, the offspring of mothers with ID at delivery had lower cognitive scores (114·0 (sd 9·7) v. 121·5 (sd 10·9), P=0·039) and lower receptive, expressive and composite (99·5 (sd 8·6) v. 107·6 (sd 8·3), P=0·004) language scores. The negative associations between maternal ID at delivery and Bayley scores remained even when adjusting for maternal Ow/Ob and gestational diabetes. Similarly, maternal Ow/Ob correlated with lower gross motor scores in the offspring (12·3 (sd 2·0) v. 13·0 (sd 2·1), P=0·037), a correlation that remained when adjusting for maternal ID. In conclusion, maternal ID and pre-gestational Ow/Ob are both negatively associated with Bayley scores at 18 months, but independently and on different subscales. These results should be taken into account when considering Fe supplementation for pregnant women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of maternal iron deficiency and being overweight during pregnancy on neurodevelopment of the offspring

et al. 2017

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“…One well understood example that relates maternal diet to CNS pathologies is spina bifida, caused by insufficient folic acid in early pregnancy. While less understood, abnormalities in the levels of central minerals potentially begin in utero (3,4). Examples of neurological disorders where imbalances of micronutrients have been identified in adulthood include Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases (5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace elements during primordial plexiform network formation in human cerebral organoids

Sartore

Cardoso

Lages

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Systematic studies of micronutrients during brain formation are hindered by restrictions to animal models and adult post-mortem tissues. Recently, advances in stem cell biology have enabled recapitulation of the early stages of human telencephalon development. In the present work, we exposed cerebral organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells to synchrotron radiation in order to measure how biologically valuable micronutrients are incorporated and distributed in the exogenously developing brain. Our findings indicate that elemental inclusion in organoids is consistent with human brain tissue and involves calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, and zinc. Local trends in concentrations suggest a switch from passive to actively mediated transport across cell membranes. Finally, correlational analysis for pairs of elements shows spatially conserved patterns, suggesting they may physically associate, be stored in similar compartments or used in related biological processes. These findings might reflect which trace elements are important during human brain development and will support studies aimed to unravel the consequences of disrupted metal homeostasis for neurodevelopmental diseases, including those manifested in adulthood.PeerJ Preprints | https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.2126v1 | CC BY 4.0 Open Access |

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“…Therefore, the decrease of irisin levels in this study due to IDA reveals impairment in the molecular mechanisms driving neuron homeostasis. Moreover, the decrease recorded in MAO-A can be explained because iron is a key factor for MAO activity, and monoamine neurotransmitter synthesis requires the iron-dependent enzymes tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylase, which is a finding that has been correlated with later behavioral consequences in juvenile monkeys, influencing brain function [35]. IDA also decreased oxytocin, which is a hypothalamic neuropeptide involved in regulating social behavior, and has a key role in physiological conditions and brain diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermented Goat Milk Consumption Enhances Brain Molecular Functions during Iron Deficiency Anemia Recovery

et al. 2019

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Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiencies worldwide. Iron plays critical roles in nervous system development and cognition. Despite the known detrimental consequences of IDA on cognition, available studies do not provide molecular mechanisms elucidating the role of iron in brain functions during iron deficiency and recovery with dairy components. In this study, 100 male Wistar rats were placed on a pre-experimental period of 40 days and randomly divided in two groups: a control group receiving a normal-Fe diet, (45 mg/kg), and an Fe-deficient group receiving a low-Fe diet (5 mg/kg). At day 40, 10 rats per group were sacrificed to anemia control, and 80 rats were divided into eight experimental groups fed with fermented goat or cow milk-based diets, with normal Fe content or Fe overload (450 mg/kg) for 30 days. IDA decreased most of the parameters related to brain molecular functions, namely dopamine, irisin, MAO-A, oxytocin, β-endorphin, and α-MSH, while it increased synaptophysin. These alterations result in an impairment of brain molecular functions. In general, during anemia recovery, fermented goat milk diet consumption increased dopamine, oxytocin, serotonin, synaptophysin, and α-MSH, and decreased MAO-A and MAO-B, suggesting a potential neuroprotective effect in brain functions, which could enhance brain molecular functions.

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Fetal Iron Deficiency and Genotype Influence Emotionality in Infant Rhesus Monkeys

Abstract: MAOA × ID interactions support the role of monoamine neurotransmitters in prenatal ID effects in rhesus monkeys and the potential involvement of common human polymorphisms in determining the pattern of neurobehavioral effects produced by inadequate prenatal nutrition.

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

The impacts of maternal iron deficiency and being overweight during pregnancy on neurodevelopment of the offspring

The impacts of maternal iron deficiency and being overweight during pregnancy on neurodevelopment of the offspring

Trace elements during primordial plexiform network formation in human cerebral organoids

Fermented Goat Milk Consumption Enhances Brain Molecular Functions during Iron Deficiency Anemia Recovery

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