Fetal programming of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein-3: evidence for an altered response to undernutrition in late gestation following exposure to periconceptual undernutrition in the sheep

Gallaher, B. W.; Breier, Bernhard H.; Keven, CL; Harding, Jane E.; Gluckman, P. D.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1590501

Cited by 74 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This change in plasma IGF-1 levels correlates well with the absolute fetal weights under nutrition restriction (29.9% reduction) and overfeeding (22.2% increase). Earlier studies have indicated that maternal undernutrition during periconceptual and gestational periods may lead to significant falls in fetal IGF and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in sheep (17,20). Nonetheless, our data favored a role of IGF-1 rather than IGF-1R or IGFBP3 in altered fetal heart weights in response to nutrition restriction and overfeeding.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Influence of maternal undernutrition and overfeeding on cardiac ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor and ventricular size in fetal sheep

Dong

Ford

Nijland

et al. 2008

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Intrauterine nutrition status is reported to correlate with risk of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. Either under-or over-nutrition during early to mid gestation contributes to altered fetal growth and ventricular geometry. This study was designed to examine myocardial expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor α (CTNFRα) and its down-stream mediator signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) on maternal under-or over-nutrition-induced changes in fetal heart weight. Multiparous ewes were fed with 50% (nutrient-restricted, NR), 100% (control) or 150% (overfed, OF) of NRC requirements from 28 to 78 days of gestation (dG; Term 148 dG). Ewes were euthanized on day 78, and the gravid uteri and fetuses recovered. Ventricular protein expression of CTNFRα, STAT3, phosphorylated STAT3, insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-1R) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) were quantitated using western blot. Plasma cortisol levels were higher in both NR and OF fetuses whereas plasma IGF-1 levels were lower and higher, in NR and OF fetuses. Fetal weights were reduced by 29.9% in NR ewes and were increased by 22.2% in fetuses from OF ewes compared to control group. Nutrient restriction did not affect fetal heart or ventricular weights whereas overfeeding increased heart and ventricular weights. Protein expression of CTNFRα in fetal ventricular tissue was reduced in OF group whereas STAT3 and pSTAT3 levels were reduced in both NR and OF groups. Expression of IGF-1R and IGFBP3 was unaffected in either NR or OF group. These data suggested that compared with maternal undernutrition, intrauterine overfeeding during early to mid gestation is associated with increases fetal blood concentrations of cortisol and IGF-1 in association with ventricular hypertrophy where reduced expression of CNTFRα and STAT3 may play a role.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Influence of maternal undernutrition and overfeeding on cardiac ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor and ventricular size in fetal sheep

Dong

Ford

Nijland

et al. 2008

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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“…The fall in fetal insulin in underfed fetuses may have mediated this change due to IGFBP-2 being inversely regulated by this factor (review: Kelley et al 1996). In contrast, fetal plasma IGFBP-3 levels tended to decrease in fetuses from underfed mothers (P<0·2) as previously reported in sheep (Lee et al 1997, Gallaher et al 1998. Earlier studies have reported reduced plasma IGFBP-3 and IGF-I levels and IGF-I mRNA expression in the muscle, lung and kidney of fetal sheep when placental growth was restricted (Kind et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Reductions in ovine fetal plasma glucose, insulin and IGF-I have been reported earlier following periods of maternal dietary restriction (Bauer et al 1995, Gallaher et al 1998. Glucose provides the fetus with 30% of its daily carbon and energy requirements in the fed state (Fowden 2001), whilst fetal insulin promotes tissue accretion and cell proliferation in bone and soft tissue (Fowden 1989(Fowden , 1995.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of maternal undernutrition on ovine fetal growth

Osgerby

Wathes

Howard³

et al. 2002

Journal of Endocrinology

157

104

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Modifications in maternal nutrition during pregnancy can significantly disrupt fetal growth and subsequent post-natal health and survival. This study investigated the effects of undernutrition on fetal growth and the potential mechanisms involved. Tissue from pregnant ewes (n=27) was investigated on days 45, 90 and 135 of gestation (term=150 days). The thoracic girth (P<0·05) was greater in fetuses from nutrient restricted ewes on day 45 and there was also a trend towards an increased gut weight (P<0·08). By day 90, the fetal brain and thymus weight were lighter in underfed than in well-fed animals whilst the weight of the fetal ovaries was heavier (P<0·05). On day 135 the fetal heart, pancreas, thymus, gut and kidney weights were lighter in undernourished ewes (P<0·05). When expressed as a percentage of fetal body weight, significance was retained in the heart, pancreas and thymus (P<0·05). Bone growth was also affected. At day 90 the fetal femur and metatarsal were longer in underfed mothers (P<0·05). In contrast, the fetal humerus and scapula were shorter in underfed than in well-fed animals on day 135 (P<0·05) when the weight of the semitendinosus muscle (P<0·05) was also reduced. The fall in fetal glucose (P<0·1), insulin (P<0·01) and IGF-I (P<0·01) levels in underfed ewes on day 135 may have compromised fetal growth. Fetal plasma IGF binding protein-2 also increased between days 90 and 135 in underfed ewes (P<0·03), whilst levels were unaltered in well-fed animals. Although maternal and fetal plasma IGF-I levels increased with gestation (P<0·01) and the placentome morphology altered in all ewes (P<0·05), the fall in placental mass (P<0·05), amniotic and allantoic glucose concentrations (P<0·05) and maternal plasma glucose and insulin levels (P<0·05) in underfed ewes in late gestation may have compromised fetal substrate delivery. These perturbations in fetal development may have significant implications on adult health and carcass conformation, raising important health and economic issues in medical and agricultural sectors.

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“…Nissen et al (2005) also observed no alteration in foetal serum IGF-1 concentrations or glucose concentrations, an indicator of nutrient supply, with different feed allocations in gestation. In contrast, studies in guinea pigs (Dwyer and Stickland, 1992) and sheep (Gallaher et al, 1998) reported decreased foetal IGF-1 concentrations when maternal feed intake during pregnancy was restricted. IGF-1 can induce nitric oxide production in endothelial cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Maternal backfat depth in gestating sows has a greater influence on offspring growth and carcass lean yield than maternal feed allocation during gestation

Amdi

Giblin

Ryan

et al. 2014

Animal

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A commercial pig spends nearly half of its life in utero and its nutrition during this time can influence birth weight and postnatal growth. We hypothesised that postnatal growth is increased in pigs raised by sows with a high backfat depth and high level of energy intake during gestation compared with sows with a low backfat depth and low level of energy intake during gestation. This was tested in a 2 × 3 factorial design experiment with 2 factors for gilt backfat depth (Thin and Fat) and 3 factors for gestation feed allowance (Restricted, Control and High). Between d 25 and d 90 of gestation, Thin gilts (n = 68; 12 ± 0.6 mm P2 backfat) and Fat gilts ( n = 72; 19 ± 0.6 mm P2 backfat) were randomly allocated, as individuals, to a gestation diet (6.19 g/kg lysine, 13.0 MJ DE/kg) at the following feed allowances: 1.8 kg/day (Restricted); 2.5 kg/day (Control) and 3.5 kg/day (High). For the remainder of gestation and during lactation all gilts were treated similarly. At weaning (day 28), 155 piglets were sacrificed and 272 were individually housed and followed through to slaughter (day 158). At day 80 of gestation, fasted Thin Restricted gilts had lower serum IGF-1 concentrations than Thin High or Thin Control fed gilts ( P < 0.001). Pigs born from Fat gilts had greater backfat depths ( P < 0.05), a lower lean meat yield ( P < 0.05) and were heavier ( P < 0.05) at slaughter than pigs born from Thin gilts. Gilt gestation feed allowance had only transitory effects on average daily gain and feed conversion efficiency and had no effect on pig weight at slaughter ( P > 0.05) or lean meat yield ( P > 0.05). In conclusion, gilts with a backfat depth of~19 mm at insemination produced pigs that were heavier and fatter at~158 days of age than those born from gilts with~12 mm backfat depth at insemination. Maternal body condition during gestation had a more predominant influence on growth parameters of the offspring, such as weight at slaughter and backfat depth, than did feed level during gestation.

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Fetal programming of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein-3: evidence for an altered response to undernutrition in late gestation following exposure to periconceptual undernutrition in the sheep

Cited by 74 publications

References 35 publications

Influence of maternal undernutrition and overfeeding on cardiac ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor and ventricular size in fetal sheep

Influence of maternal undernutrition and overfeeding on cardiac ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor and ventricular size in fetal sheep

The effect of maternal undernutrition on ovine fetal growth

Maternal backfat depth in gestating sows has a greater influence on offspring growth and carcass lean yield than maternal feed allocation during gestation

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