Few favorable associations between fruit and vegetable intake and biomarkers for chronic disease risk in American adults

Fisk, Paul S.; Middaugh, Amanda L.; Rhee, Yeong; Brunt, Ardith

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2011.07.005

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Fiber-rich regimens may decline CRP levels as observed here in smokers, which was consistent with some investigations (27,28). Controversy surrounds the efficacy, amounts of fiber, different ingredients, supplements, interactions, measurement biases, and frequency of meals (29). However, decreased probability of inflammation in our study derived via optimal fiber intake confirms the utility of a simple tool.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Association of GFR, Fiber-Rich Regimen and Metabolic Syndrome With Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels: Results of a Multicenter National Survey

Hosseini

Ghodsi

Sadre-Bafghi

et al. 2020

ACTA

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The present study investigates the association of cardiovascular risk factors such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), fiber-rich regimen, and Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) with elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels. We designed a cross-sectional study based on data of the third National Survey of non-communicable diseases (SuRFNCD-2007); among 2125, Iranian adults (1168 women) aged 25-64 years. Demographic and anthropometric characteristics were collected. Biochemical assessments, were determined on venous blood samples. Quantitative highly sensitive CRP was measured via enzyme-linked immunoassay. Elevated CRP was defined as values above 3 mg/l. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the ATP III (Adult Treatment Panel III report, 2005). GFR was calculated with the MDRD formula. Multivariable logistic regression accompanied by complex sample survey analysis, including stratified weighting, were recruited. The fiber-rich regimen was determined by the daily consumption of more than five units of vegetables or fruits. Mean age of the population was 39.4±4.5 years. Adjusted odds ratios for prediction of high CRP pertaining to High LDL, Low Physical activity, BUN, MetS ATP III, Declined GFR (per 30 units reduction), optimal Fiber intake, and Current Smoking were calculated. Corresponding values with 95 % CI were 1.36 (1.04-1.85), 1.31(1.11-4.20), 1.04(1.04-1.12), 1.47 (1.04-2.09), 1.22 (1.11-3.36), 0.84 (0.87-1.48), 1.74 (0.39-1.38), respectively. We figured out that MetS, declined GFR in early stages of CKD, and low physical activity were related to high inflammatory state, while fiber-rich regimen decreased the likelihood of high CRP in smokers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Association of GFR, Fiber-Rich Regimen and Metabolic Syndrome With Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels: Results of a Multicenter National Survey

Hosseini

Ghodsi

Sadre-Bafghi

et al. 2020

ACTA

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“…The public often believes that eating vegetables per se is sufficient for health and weight loss, but in the absence of caloric deficit there is no evidence that vegetables promote weight loss. In addition, it is not known whether the observed associations of greater vegetable and fruit consumption with better health [22][23][24][25][26] are due to nutrients found in them, such as folate, magnesium, potassium, dietary fiber, vitamins A, C, and K, carotenoids, flavonoids and other compounds or due to displacement of less healthy foods [27]. Increasing intake of vegetables leads to a decrease in intake of less-healthy foods in children [28], but little is known about how adults incorporate vegetables into a daily diet.…”

Section: Secondary Aims 2 and 3: Substitution And Adipositymentioning

confidence: 99%

Study design for a randomized controlled trial to increase the relative reinforcing value of vegetable consumption using incentive sensitization among obese and overweight people

Jahns

Roemmich

2016

Contemporary Clinical Trials

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In this manuscript, we present the protocol for a study that applies incentive sensitization theory to improve vegetable intake in overweight and obese adults. This 8-week, randomized, controlled, community-based feeding study with an 8-week follow-up seeks to use repeated exposure to amounts of vegetables recommended by federal guidance to increase the primary outcome of the relative reinforcing value of vegetables compared to a snack food. A community-based design is used to give participants autonomy in choosing their method of exposure. Secondary outcomes include: 1) Determine potential moderators of incentive sensitization of vegetables, including genetic polymorphisms associated with food reinforcement and obesity, 6-n-propylthiouracil tasting status, and delay discounting. 2) Determine whether adding vegetables to the diet results in participants substituting low-energy-dense vegetables for energy-dense foods or whether energy-dense food consumption is independent of vegetable consumption. 3) Determine whether reductions in adiposity are associated with substitution of vegetables in the diet. 4) Determine if markers of bone turnover change. 5) Assess changes in self-reported secondary outcomes measured by questionnaire such as self-efficacy to eat vegetables. The results of this study will provide information about the drivers of individual choice to consume recommended amounts of vegetables. The understanding gained will help increase the effectiveness and sustainability of behavior-based interventions focused on improving vegetable intake. This information may also be used to assist in setting dietary guidance targets for the amounts and types of vegetables Americans can, and should, consume.

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“…Significant reduction of CRP was also found in an intervention study that involved the consumption of >8 servings/d of fruits and vegetables among non-smoking males (23). On the other hand, a short-term intervention study among hypertensive individuals did not find a significant difference in CRP concentrations related to varying amount of fruit and vegetable intake assigned (24) and a few analyses using data from the NHANES also did not find an independent association of fruit and vegetable consumption with CRP after multivariable adjustment (25, 26). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Urinary Levels of Prostaglandin E₂Metabolite in Postmenopausal Women

Kim

Rimando

Sandler

2015

Nutrition and Cancer

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Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an inflammatory mediator that plays key roles in promoting tumor development and progression. Urinary concentration of a major PGE2 metabolite (PGE-M) has been recently proposed as a promising cancer biomarker. Using dietary intake data from 600 postmenopausal women aged 50–74 years, we examined cross-sectional relationships between fruit and vegetable intake and urinary levels of PGE-M, determined using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. After multivariable adjustment, increasing consumption of fruits, but not vegetables, was associated with reduced levels of urinary PGE-M (p for linear trend=0.02), with geometric means of 5.8 (95% CI: 5.2-6.6) in the lowest quintile versus 4.8 (95% CI: 4.3-5.4) in the highest quintile (Q5) of fruit consumption. A better quality diet, indicated by higher scores on the Healthy Eating Index, was also associated with decreased PGE-M (p for linear trend<0.01). The lack of association with vegetable intake may be related to variation in antioxidant capacities of the major dietary sources of fruits and vegetables for the study participants. Our findings suggest that urinary PGE-M may be modifiable by a healthy diet that follows current national dietary guideline. Further studies are warranted to assess potential utility of urinary PGE-M in assessing cancer prevention efficacy.

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Few favorable associations between fruit and vegetable intake and biomarkers for chronic disease risk in American adults

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Association of GFR, Fiber-Rich Regimen and Metabolic Syndrome With Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels: Results of a Multicenter National Survey

Association of GFR, Fiber-Rich Regimen and Metabolic Syndrome With Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels: Results of a Multicenter National Survey

Study design for a randomized controlled trial to increase the relative reinforcing value of vegetable consumption using incentive sensitization among obese and overweight people

Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Urinary Levels of Prostaglandin E₂Metabolite in Postmenopausal Women

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Few favorable associations between fruit and vegetable intake and biomarkers for chronic disease risk in American adults

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Association of GFR, Fiber-Rich Regimen and Metabolic Syndrome With Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels: Results of a Multicenter National Survey

Association of GFR, Fiber-Rich Regimen and Metabolic Syndrome With Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels: Results of a Multicenter National Survey

Study design for a randomized controlled trial to increase the relative reinforcing value of vegetable consumption using incentive sensitization among obese and overweight people

Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Urinary Levels of Prostaglandin E2Metabolite in Postmenopausal Women

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Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Urinary Levels of Prostaglandin E₂Metabolite in Postmenopausal Women