Few-layer graphene obtained by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite cathode

Zhou, Ming; Tang, Jie; Cheng, Qian; Xu, Gaojie; Cui, Ping; Qin, Lu Chang

doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2013.04.013

Cited by 139 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In this respect, EEG has been applied in various related applications such as easyto-prepare graphene papers [ 49,61,62 ] as well as the more sophisticated transparent conductive (TC) fi lms. In 2013 a simple spray-coating process was used to fabricate transparent electrodes with a sheet resistance of around 10 kΩ ᮀ −1 and 60% transmittance [ 63 ] and just recently a self-assembled graphene fi lm with a resistance of 21.8 kΩ ᮀ −1 at over 95% transparency has been reported; this value was further improved to 13.5 kΩ ᮀ −1 by doping with AuCl 3 .…”

Section: Research Newsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New‐Generation Graphene from Electrochemical Approaches: Production and Applications

et al. 2016

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Extensive research suggests a bright future for the graphene market. However, for a long time there has been a huge gap between laboratory-scale research and commercial application due to the challenging task of reproducible bulk production of high-quality graphene at low cost. Electrochemical exfoliation of graphite has emerged as a promising wet chemical method with advantages such as upscalability, solution processability and eco-friendliness. Recent progress in the electrochemical exfoliation of graphite and prospects for the application of exfoliated graphene, mainly in the fields of composites, electronics, energy storage and conversion are discussed.

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Section: Research Newsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New‐Generation Graphene from Electrochemical Approaches: Production and Applications

et al. 2016

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“…Although a variety of electrochemical processes have been successfully tested towards this end [19], they can be broadly classified into either (1) cathodic exfoliation in organic solvents (propylene carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc) containing lithium or alkylammonium salts as the electrolyte [20][21][22][23][24], or in water in some specific cases [25] or (2) anodic exfoliation in ionic liquid-water mixtures or aqueous solutions of acids (mainly H 2 SO 4 ) or inorganic salts [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. The anodic exfoliation protocols are particularly attractive due to their greener character (use of water/ionic liquids vs. organic solvents) and generally higher and faster production rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High quality, low oxygen content and biocompatible graphene nanosheets obtained by anodic exfoliation of different graphite types

Munuera

Paredes

Villar–Rodil

et al. 2015

Carbon

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a b s t r a c tAnodic exfoliation of graphite has emerged as an attractive method to access graphene nanosheets in large quantities, but oxidation reactions associated to this process compromise the structural quality of the resulting materials. Here, we demonstrate that the type of starting graphite material impacts the oxygen and defect content of anodically exfoliated graphenes obtained thereof. We investigated highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) as well as graphite foil, flakes and powder as electrode in the anodic process. Importantly, materials with low levels of oxidation and disorder (similar to those typically achieved with cathodic exfoliation approaches) could be attained through proper choice of the graphite electrode. Specifically, using graphite foil afforded nanosheets of higher quality than that of HOPG-derived nanosheets. This discrepancy was interpreted to arise from the structural peculiarities of the former, where the presence of folds, voids and wrinkles would make its exfoliation process to be less reliant on oxidation reactions. Furthermore, cell viability tests carried out with murine fibroblasts on thin graphene films suggested that the anodically exfoliated graphenes investigated here (possessing low or high oxidation levels) are highly biocompatible. Overall, control upon the extent of oxidation and disorder should expand the scope of anodically exfoliated graphenes in prospective applications.

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“…Now, emerging fields are: high-speed transistors, transparent conducting films, batteries [7], structural nanocomposites, optical devices [8,9], and supercapacitors. Unfortunately, graphene is sensitive to the content of defects and functional groups and affects the performance of these devices [10]. Hence, the development of methods to prepare graphene without added functional groups is an important issue for industrial applications [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Green Method for Graphite Exfoliation Using a Mechanochemical Route

Estrada-Guel

Hernandez

Martínez-Sánchez

2015

Materials Characterization

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In the present work, we proposed a method to manufacture exfoliated graphene. This method is low cost and environmentally friendly by mechanochemical means and avoids the use of highly corrosive and dangerous reagents. Our raw material consists of natural graphite and sodium carbonate. The mix is milled followed by a citric acid treatment used as defoliation agents. The mixture consists of an equiatomic mix of graphite and sodium carbonate that is processed in a high-energy ball mill. The milled and raw mixtures are leached with an aqueous acid solution, hot refluxed, washed, and overnight dried. Observed morphological and chemical evidence exhibits a notable reduction of particle size with an important increased level of defoliation that improved the surface area values.

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Few-layer graphene obtained by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite cathode

Cited by 139 publications

References 35 publications

New‐Generation Graphene from Electrochemical Approaches: Production and Applications

New‐Generation Graphene from Electrochemical Approaches: Production and Applications

High quality, low oxygen content and biocompatible graphene nanosheets obtained by anodic exfoliation of different graphite types

A Green Method for Graphite Exfoliation Using a Mechanochemical Route

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