Few-Shot PCB Surface Defect Detection Based on Feature Enhancement and Multi-Scale Fusion

Abstract

In printed circuit board (PCB) defect detection, it is difficult to collect defect samples, and the detection effect is poor due to the lack of data. On the basis of the few-shot learning method, a few-shot PCB defect detection model is proposed. This model introduces feature enhancement module and multiscale fusion module. The feature enhancement module based on the improved convolution block attention module (CBAM) can highlight the key areas of the received feature maps and suppress the interference of useless information. Aiming at the small size of PCB defects, a multi-scale feature fusion strategy is proposed. It can extract multi-scale feature maps of PCB and fuse them into a high-quality feature map containing different scale information, which can improve the detection precision of the model for small object defects. A large number of experiments on PCB dataset show that our few-shot PCB defect detection model outperforms state-of-the-art methods under different shot settings (k=1,2,3,5,10,30). Notably, the proposed model can take into account both detection efficiency and precision, which means it has high practical application value.INDEX TERMS PCB defect detection, few-shot learning, feature enhancement, multi-scale fusion.

Printed circuit board and printed circuit board assembly methods for testing and visual inspection: a review

“…Wang et al [38] propose a PCB defect detection model with a few-shot learning that gives possibilities for usage of small datasets and to achieve good performance. The model includes modules for feature enhancement and multiscale fusion with the goal the model precision to be improved and small object defects to be detected.…”

SolDef_AI: An Open Source PCB Dataset for Mask R-CNN Defect Detection in Soldering Processes of Electronic Components

“…Furthermore, in [12], the potentiality of a model developed by the authors was demonstrated through extensive experiments on a PCB dataset (i.e., FSOD professional few-shot object detection dataset created by Tencent in 2020), indicating the potential for innovative approaches to defect detection. In [13], the authors also focused on utilizing deep learning, specifically a skip-connected convolutional autoencoder, for PCB defect detection, emphasizing the criticality of surface inspection in ensuring quality control.…”