“…The isotherms categorized of type IV reflects the mesoporosity of the synthesized oxides materials, a feature substantiated by the presence of Catalysis Science & Technology Paper hysteresis loops. 42 A comparative analysis with the mZrO 2 , which boasts a surface area of 161.9 m 2 g −1 , reveals a diminution in the BET surface areas of the supported catalysts, which range from 54.6 to 82.7 m 2 g −1 . This decline is likely attributable to the incorporation of Ga 3+ within the porous framework of mZrO 2 , as well as the formation of Ga 2 O 3 , which may partially cover the original pore structure of the support.…”