FGF signaling repertoire of the indirect developing hemichordate Ptychodera flava

Fan, Tzu-Pei; Su, Yi-Hsien

doi:10.1016/j.margen.2015.07.006

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…1 F1-7 and 2 D1-4). Although in situ hybridization analysis is not absolutely quantitative, the changes of the expression levels observed at different stages are mostly consistent with the temporal expression profiles analyzed previously by using quantitative PCR (QPCR) [ 37 ]. These data suggest that fgf8/17/18 , fgfb and fgfd participate in the early development before or during early gastrulation, while fgfa and fgfc are more important at the late gastrula and the tornaria stages.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…To investigate the potential roles of FGF signaling during embryogenesis, we first characterized the expression patterns of genes encoding FGF ligands and receptors at several developmental stages, ranging from the unfertilized egg [0 h post fertilization (hpf)] to the tornaria stage (73 hpf). Among the five FGF ligands ( fgf8/17/18 , fgfa , fgfb , fgfc and fgfd ) and three FGF receptors ( fgfra1 , fgfra2 and fgfrb ) identified previously [ 37 ], none were detected in the unfertilized egg (Fig. 1 A1-E1), indicating a lack of maternal FGF signaling.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…All genes investigated in this study were cloned by methods described previously [ 37 ], and the sequences have been deposited in the GenBank (see Additional file 1 : Table S1 for the accession numbers). In brief, cDNA sequences of homologous genes from S. kowalevskii were retrieved from GenBank and used as queries to search the P. flava embryonic transcriptome database [ 38 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reiterative use of FGF signaling in mesoderm development during embryogenesis and metamorphosis in the hemichordate Ptychodera flava

Fan

Ting

et al. 2018

BMC Evol Biol

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BackgroundMesoderm is generally considered to be a germ layer that is unique to Bilateria, and it develops into diverse tissues, including muscle, and in the case of vertebrates, the skeleton and notochord. Studies on various deuterostome animals have demonstrated that fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling is required for the formation of many mesodermal structures, such as vertebrate somites, from which muscles are differentiated, and muscles in sea urchin embryos, suggesting an ancient role of FGF signaling in muscle development. However, the formation of trunk muscles in invertebrate chordates is FGF-independent, leading to ambiguity about this ancient role in deuterostomes. To further understand the role of FGF signaling during deuterostome evolution, we investigated the development of mesodermal structures during embryogenesis and metamorphosis in Ptychodera flava, an indirect-developing hemichordate that has larval morphology similar to echinoderms and adult body features that are similar to chordates.ResultsHere we show that genes encoding FGF ligands, FGF receptors and transcription factors that are known to be involved in mesoderm formation and myogenesis are expressed dynamically during embryogenesis and metamorphosis. FGF signaling at the early gastrula stage is required for the specification of the mesodermal cell fate in P. flava. The mesoderm cells are then differentiated stepwise into the hydroporic canal, the pharyngeal muscle and the muscle string; formation of the last two muscular structures are controlled by FGF signaling. Moreover, augmentation of FGF signaling during metamorphosis accelerated the process, facilitating the transformation from cilia-driven swimming larvae into muscle-driven worm-like juveniles.ConclusionsOur data show that FGF signaling is required for mesoderm induction and myogenesis in the P. flava embryo, and it is reiteratively used for the morphological transition during metamorphosis. The dependence of muscle development on FGF signaling in both planktonic larvae and sand-burrowing worms supports its ancestral role in deuterostomes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1235-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reiterative use of FGF signaling in mesoderm development during embryogenesis and metamorphosis in the hemichordate Ptychodera flava

Fan

Ting

et al. 2018

BMC Evol Biol

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“…Insufficient phylogenetic signal was recovered for FGFs of several distantly related metazoans, including deuterostomes [ 12 , 15 , 26 , 27 ]. For Avi-fgfA , we were also unable to find well-supported orthology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed classification and functional analysis of paralogous molecules are done for other vertebrates, too [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. On the contrary, an unambiguous affiliation of the identified FGF members in invertebrates remains problematic [ 9 , 15 , 18 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. A detailed molecular and functional evolution of FGFs in the context of regeneration is yet to be fully elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Functional Characterization of the FGF Signaling Pathway in Regeneration of the Polychaete Worm Alitta virens (Annelida, Errantia)

Shalaeva

Kostyuchenko

Kozin

2021

Genes

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Epimorphic regeneration of lost body segments is a widespread phenomenon across annelids. However, the molecular inducers of the cell sources for this reparative morphogenesis have not been identified. In this study, we focused on the role of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling in the posterior regeneration of Alitta virens. For the first time, we showed an early activation of FGF ligands and receptor expression in an annelid regenerating after amputation. The expression patterns indicate that the entire regenerative bud is competent to FGFs, whose activity precedes the initiation of cell proliferation. The critical requirement of FGF signaling, especially at early stages, is also supported by inhibitor treatments followed by proliferation assay, demonstrating that induction of blastemal cells depends on FGFs. Our results show that FGF signaling pathway is a key player in regenerative response, while the FGF-positive wound epithelium, ventral nerve cord and some mesodermal cells around the gut could be the inducing tissues. This mechanism resembles reparative regeneration of vertebrate appendages suggesting such a response to the injury may be ancestral for all bilaterians.

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On the larva and the zooid of the pterobranch Rhabdopleura recondita Beli, Cameron and Piraino, 2018 (Hemichordata, Graptolithina)

et al. 2019

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Hemichordates (Enteropneusta and Pterobranchia) belong to a small deuterostome invertebrate group that may offer insights on the origin and evolution of the chordate nervous system. Among them, the colonial pterobranch Rhabdopleuridae are recognized as living representatives of Graptolithina, a taxon with a rich fossil record. New information is provided here on the substrate selection and the life cycle of Rhabdopleura recondita Beli, Cameron and Piraino, 2018, and for the first time, we describe the nervous system organization of the larva and the adult zooid, as well as the morphological, neuroanatomical and behavioural changes occurring throughout metamorphosis. Immunohistochemical analyses disclosed a centralized nervous system in the sessile adult zooid, characterized by different neuronal subsets with three distinct neurotransmitters, i.e. serotonin, dopamine and RFamide. The peripheral nervous system comprises GABA-, serotonin-, and dopamine-immunoreactive cells. These observations support and integrate previous neuroanatomical findings on the pterobranch zooid of Cephalodiscus gracilis. Indeed, this is the first evidence of dopamine, RFamide and GABA neurotransmitters in hemichordates pterobranchs. In contrast, the lecithotrophic larva is characterized by a diffuse basiepidermal plexus of GABAergic cells, coupled with a small group of serotonin-immunoreactive cells localized in the characteristic ventral depression. It is envisaged the use of R. recondita as a novel and easily accessible hemichordate model organism shed light on the evolution of hemichordates and more generally on the origin of deuterostome developmental mechanisms.

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FGF signaling repertoire of the indirect developing hemichordate Ptychodera flava

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Reiterative use of FGF signaling in mesoderm development during embryogenesis and metamorphosis in the hemichordate Ptychodera flava

Reiterative use of FGF signaling in mesoderm development during embryogenesis and metamorphosis in the hemichordate Ptychodera flava

Structural and Functional Characterization of the FGF Signaling Pathway in Regeneration of the Polychaete Worm Alitta virens (Annelida, Errantia)

On the larva and the zooid of the pterobranch Rhabdopleura recondita Beli, Cameron and Piraino, 2018 (Hemichordata, Graptolithina)

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