For early-stage cancer
detection, a novel design of graphene-antimonene-coated
uniform-waist tapered fiber optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
biosensor is demonstrated. The proposed optical biosensor outperforms
over a wide range of refractive index (RI) variations including biological
solutions and is designed to detect various cancerous cells in the
human body whose RIs are in the range of 1.36–1.4. Here, antimonene
is used to enhance the performance of the designed SPR sensor for
sensing cancer analytes because of its high binding energy toward
adsorption of biomolecules and large active surface area. The design
and analysis of the sensor are done with the help of a transfer matrix
method-based simulation platform, and the effect of the taper ratio
is also studied. The performance of the proposed SPR biosensor is
evaluated with performance parameters such as sensitivity, full width
at half maximum, detection accuracy (DA), figure of merit (FOM), and
limit of detection (LOD). The numerical results show that the designed
sensor is able to provide a sensitivity of 7.3465, 10.9250, 11.8914,
and 15.2414 μm/RIU, respectively, for sensing skin, cervical,
blood, and adrenal gland cancer with a maximum FOM of 131.1525 RIU–1, DA of 14.2126 μm–1, and
LOD of 7.2 × 10–5 RIU. Based on the derived
results, the authors believe that the designed SPR sensor could practically
find its potential applications in the field of medical science for
the early-stage diagnosis of cancer and hence, opens a new window
in the field of biosensing.