Fiber-coupled superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors integrated with a bandpass filter on the fiber end-face

Zhang, W J; Xiao-yan, Yang; Li, He Ping; You, Lixing; Lv, Cuicui; Zhang, L; Zhang, C J; Liu, X Y; Wang, Z; Xie, Xiaoming

doi:10.1088/1361-6668/aaa6b4

Cited by 45 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…4(a). The use of fibers with DBR filtering on their end-facet as proposed elsewhere [30] is identified as a solution for reducing the background noise further. Using a diode laser operating at 1550 nm, a calibrated power meter and a calibrated variable attenuator to set the input flux of photons to 80,800 /s, we measured the SDE of the devices to be up to 80%, as represented in Fig.…”

Section: Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the stoichiometry of ultrathin NbTiN films for high-performance superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

Zichi¹,

Jin²,

Steinhauer³

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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The requirements in quantum optics experiments for high single-photon detection efficiency, low timing jitter, low dark count rate and short dead time have been fulfilled with the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. Although they offer a detection efficiency above 90%, achieving a high time resolution in devices made of amorphous materials is a challenge, particularly at temperatures above 0.8 K. Devices made from niobium nitride and niobium titanium nitride allow us to reach the best timing jitter but, in turn, have stronger requirements in terms of film quality to achieve a high efficiency. Here we take advantage of the flexibility of reactive co-sputter deposition to tailor the composition of Nb x Ti 1-x N superconducting films and show that a Nb fraction of x = 0.62 allows for the fabrication of detectors from films as thick as 9 nm and covering an active area of 20 µm, with a wide detection saturation plateau at telecom wavelengths and in particular at 1550 nm. This is a signature of an internal detection efficiency saturation, achieved while maintaining the high time resolution associated with NbTiN and operation at 2.5K. With our optimized recipe, we reliably fabricated detectors with high critical current densities reaching a saturation plateau at 1550 nm with 80% system detection efficiency and with a FWHM timing jitter as low as 19.5 ps.

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Section: Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the stoichiometry of ultrathin NbTiN films for high-performance superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

Zichi¹,

Jin²,

Steinhauer³

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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show abstract

“…Room temperature ( T = 300 K) blackbody radiation is peaked at 9.7 μ m with a tail that extends into the near-IR wavelength range. Bandpass filters have been used to reject the noise photons [9,11,12]. Tight coiling of the optical fiber that delivers the photons to the SNSPDs can also be used to block the long-wavelength noise photons and reduce extrinsic noise counts [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using silica fiber coupling to extend superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors into the infrared

Kuo

2018

OSA Continuum

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There is growing interest in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) for their high detection efficiency, low noise, and broad wavelength-sensitivity range. Typically, silica fibers are used to deliver light to the detectors inside the cryostat, which works well for wavelengths from visible through 1550 nm. To access longer-wavelength infrared photons, other types of fibers, such as chalcogenide and fluoride fibers, need to be used. Here, we examine the infrared-wavelength transmission of straight and coiled silica optical fibers as candidates to couple infrared light to SNSPDs. We find that the silica fibers offer good transmission up to 2.2 μm wavelength. Above this wavelength, the transmission rolls off; the fibers exhibit 3 dB/m loss at 2.5 μm. High bend-loss sensitivity of some fibers can be used to adjust the long-wavelength transmission cutoff of the fiber to limit noise photons due to blackbody radiation.

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“…However, all the filters need to be operated at low temperatures (40 K or lower) and with an acceptable low loss. Several techniques, such as cooled SMF [83], standalone fiber optic filters or filter bench [84,85], and dielectric film filters either on the chip [86] or on the tip of a fiber [87], can effectively reduce bDCR with an acceptable sacrifice in terms of SDE. For an SMFcoupled SNSPD, 80% SDE was achieved at a DCR of 0.5 Hz; this is shown in Figure 6 with a bandpass filter (BPF) being used on the fiber end-face [87].…”

Section: Dcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for quantum information

You

2020

Nanophotonics

175

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AbstractThe superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) is a quantum-limit superconducting optical detector based on the Cooper-pair breaking effect by a single photon, which exhibits a higher detection efficiency, lower dark count rate, higher counting rate, and lower timing jitter when compared with those exhibited by its counterparts. SNSPDs have been extensively applied in quantum information processing, including quantum key distribution and optical quantum computation. In this review, we present the requirements of single-photon detectors from quantum information, as well as the principle, key metrics, latest performance issues, and other issues associated with SNSPD. The representative applications of SNSPDs with respect to quantum information will also be covered.

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Fiber-coupled superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors integrated with a bandpass filter on the fiber end-face

Cited by 45 publications

References 26 publications

Optimizing the stoichiometry of ultrathin NbTiN films for high-performance superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

Optimizing the stoichiometry of ultrathin NbTiN films for high-performance superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

Using silica fiber coupling to extend superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors into the infrared

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for quantum information

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