Fiber delivered probe for efficient CARS imaging of tissues

Balu, Mihaela; Liu, Gangjun; Chen, Zhongping; Tromberg, Bruce J.; Potma, Eric O.

doi:10.1364/oe.18.002380

Cited by 116 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Importantly, the label-free detection of lipids provided by CARS can be combined with endoscopic probing, opening the door for in vivo optical examination of intravascular lesions. Recently, signifi cant progress has been made with integrating nonlinear optical modalities, such as SHG and CARS, in a fi ber-based probe ( 38 ), underscoring the potential of the nonlinear imaging approach for research of cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal CARS microscopy determination of the impact of diet on macrophage infiltration and lipid accumulation on plaque formation in ApoE-deficient mice

Lim

Kratzer

Barry

et al. 2010

Journal of Lipid Research

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal CARS microscopy determination of the impact of diet on macrophage infiltration and lipid accumulation on plaque formation in ApoE-deficient mice

Lim

Kratzer

Barry

et al. 2010

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…This allowed images with contrast generated by features from most of the biological Raman spectral window, as shown in Figure 23(b) (also compatible with SHG/TPEF). CARS-based endoscopy was also demonstrated on various ex vivo thick tissue samples by Balu et al [240].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Raman spectroscopy: techniques and applications in the life sciences

Shipp¹,

Sinjab²,

Notingher³

2017

Adv. Opt. Photon.

268

189

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Raman spectroscopy is an increasingly popular technique in many areas including biology and medicine.It is based on Raman scattering, a phenomenon in which incident photons lose or gain energy via interactions with vibrating molecules in a sample. These energy shifts can be used to obtain information regarding molecular composition of the sample with very high accuracy. Applications of Raman spectroscopy in the life sciences have included quantification of biomolecules, hyperspectral molecular imaging of cells and tissue, medical diagnosis, and others. This review briefly presents the physical origin of Raman scattering explaining the key classical and quantum mechanical concepts. Variations of the Raman effect will also be considered, including resonance, coherent, and enhanced Raman scattering. We discuss the molecular origins of prominent bands often found in the Raman spectra of biological samples. Finally, we examine several variations of Raman spectroscopy techniques in practice, looking at their applications, strengths, and challenges. This review is intended to be a starting resource for scientists new to Raman spectroscopy, providing theoretical background and practical examples as the foundation for further study and exploration.

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“…Therefore, effective deployment of CARS imaging should be done from the arterial lumen. This deployment requires CARS endoscopy, where the delivery of the excitation laser and collection of emitted signal are accomplished using fl exible fi ber optics, miniaturized objective, and scan heads ( 84,85 ). Ideally, CARS endoscopy should be deployed on a catheter bundle that is also capable of optical coherent tomography and IVUS ( 75 ).…”

Section: Study Of Lipid Metabolism In C Elegansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding new light on lipid biology with coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy

Yue

Cheng

2010

Journal of Lipid Research

148

130

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Despite the ubiquitous roles of lipids in biology, the detection of lipids has relied on invasive techniques and population measurements. The molecular profi les of the lipid-rich structures are evaluated by measurements of total lipid extracts with liquid or gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry ( 8 ). This approach is inexact because it measures lipid molecules from areas other than the structures of interest. Furthermore, spatial information, which is critical to understanding the function of lipids ( 9 ), is inaccessible with the bulk measurement techniques. To visualize the lipid-rich structures, fl uorescently tagged lipid molecules, which intercalate with the lipidrich structures, are used ( 10, 11 ). Nevertheless, the use of the fl uorescent lipid molecules to label lipid-rich structures is problematic for several reasons. First, to facilitate the transport of the fl uorescent lipid molecules into cells, cell fi xation procedures are often performed ( 12 ). This procedure prevents monitoring the dynamic responses of lipid-rich structures to stimuli or the disease processes. Second, labeling effi ciency is highly dependent on the type of fl uorescent lipid molecules ( 12 ), thus posing a signifi cant problem to the quantitation of lipid-rich structures. Third, the intercalation of fl uorescent lipid molecules can lead to changes in the properties of lipidrich structures. For instance, incorporation of fl uorescent lipid molecules into the cell membrane can induce membrane phase separation and membrane microdomain formation, which can perturb critical cellular processes including signal transduction and endocytosis ( 13 ).As an alternative to fl uorescence, signals from molecular vibration provide an attractive means for label-free chemical imaging. In particular, Raman scattering has been widely used for spectroscopic study of biomolecules ( 14 ). The Raman-scattered photons exhibit frequency Abstract Despite the ubiquitous roles of lipids in biology, the detection of lipids has relied on invasive techniques, population measurements, or nonspecifi c labeling. Such diffi culties can be circumvented by a label-free imaging technique known as coherent anti-Stokes Raman (CARS) microscopy, which is capable of chemically selective, highly sensitive, and high-speed imaging of lipid-rich structures with submicron three-dimensional spatial resolution. We review the broad applications of CARS microscopy to studies of lipid biology in cell cultures, tissue biopsies, and model organisms. Recent technical advances, limitations of the technique, and perspectives are discussed. Lipids play a critical role in human health and diseases. Phospholipids, glycolipids, and sterol lipids are the major components of the cell membrane ( 1 ). Sphingolipids constitute up to 80% of the myelin sheaths, which are the membranous structures that wrap around the axons for insulation and for proper propagation of electrical impulses ( 2 ). Glycerolipids or triglycerides serve as the cytoplasmic energy depots ( 3 ). Bioactive lip...

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Fiber delivered probe for efficient CARS imaging of tissues

Cited by 116 publications

References 28 publications

Multimodal CARS microscopy determination of the impact of diet on macrophage infiltration and lipid accumulation on plaque formation in ApoE-deficient mice

Multimodal CARS microscopy determination of the impact of diet on macrophage infiltration and lipid accumulation on plaque formation in ApoE-deficient mice

Raman spectroscopy: techniques and applications in the life sciences

Shedding new light on lipid biology with coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy

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