Fiber intake and risk of subsequent prostate cancer in Japanese men

Sawada, Norie; Iwasaki, Motoki; Yamaji, Taiki; Shimazu, Taichi; Sasazuki, Shizuka; Tsugane, Shoichiro

doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.089581

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although these inverse associations have been attributed to the high dietary fiber content of mature beans (63), the association between dietary fiber intake and CaP has been inconsistent (64–68). Additionally, many fruits and vegetables have high fiber content, and yet we did not observe any inverse associations for fruit and vegetable intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pooled Analysis of 15 Prospective Cohort Studies on the Association between Fruit, Vegetable, and Mature Bean Consumption and Risk of Prostate Cancer

Petimar

Wilson

et al. 2017

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background Relationships between fruit, vegetable, and mature bean consumption and prostate cancer risk are unclear. Methods We examined associations between fruit and vegetable groups, specific fruits and vegetables, and mature bean consumption and prostate cancer risk overall, by stage and grade, and for prostate cancer mortality in a pooled analysis of 15 prospective cohorts, including 52,680 total cases and 3,205 prostate cancer deaths among 842,149 men. Diet was measured by a food frequency questionnaire or similar instrument at baseline. We calculated study-specific relative risks using Cox proportional hazards regression, and then pooled these estimates using a random effects model. Results We did not observe any statistically significant associations for advanced prostate cancer or prostate cancer mortality with any food group (including total fruits and vegetables, total fruits, total vegetables, fruit and vegetable juice, cruciferous vegetables, and tomato products), nor specific fruit and vegetables. Additionally, we observed few statistically significant results for other prostate cancer outcomes. Pooled multivariable relative risks comparing the highest versus lowest quantiles across all fruit and vegetable exposures and prostate cancer outcomes ranged from 0.89 to 1.09. There was no evidence of effect modification for any association by age or body mass index. Conclusion and Impact Results from this large, international, pooled analysis do not support a strong role of fruits, vegetables (including cruciferous vegetables and tomato products, although few studies assessed tomato sources of more bioavailable lycopene, the potential cancer preventive agent in tomatoes), or mature beans in prostate cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pooled Analysis of 15 Prospective Cohort Studies on the Association between Fruit, Vegetable, and Mature Bean Consumption and Risk of Prostate Cancer

Petimar

Wilson

et al. 2017

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…In the present study, insoluble fiber consumption was significantly associated with a decreased risk of EHBDC. A protective effect of fiber on colorectal cancer was judged as “conclusive,” and the protective effect of insoluble fiber on prostate cancer was observed . There are multiple potential mechanisms for a cancer‐protective effect of fiber such as improving insulin‐resistance, decreasing IGF activity, producing an anti‐inflammatory effect through the production of butylate, and optimizing the colonic micro‐biota reinforcing the intestinal barrier .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between vegetable/fruit consumption and gallbladder/bile duct cancer: A population‐based cohort study in Japan

Makiuchi

Sobue

Kitamura

et al. 2016

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Vegetable and fruit consumption may have a protective effect against several types of cancers. However, the effect on biliary cancers is unclear. We investigated the association of vegetable/fruit consumption with the risks of gallbladder cancer (GBC), intrahepatic bile duct cancer (IHBDC) and extrahepatic bile duct cancer (EHBDC) in a population-based prospective cohort study in Japan. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model, and the exposure level was categorized into quartiles, with the lowest group used as the reference. A total of 80,371 people aged 45 to 74 years were enrolled between 1995 and 1999, and followed up for 1,158,632 person-years until 2012, during which 133 GBC, 99 IHBDC, and 161 EHBDC cases were identified. Increased consumption of total vegetable and fruit was significantly associated with a decreased risk of EHBDC (HR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.29-0.81 for the highest group; p trend = 0.005). From the analysis of relevant nutrients, significantly decreased risk of EHBDC was associated with folate and insoluble fiber (HR = 0.48, 0.53; 95% CI: 0.28-0.85, 0.31-0.88 for the highest group; p trend = 0.010, 0.023; respectively), and a significant trend of decreased EHBDC risk associated with vitamin C was observed (p trend = 0.029). No decreased risk of GBC and IHBDC was found. Our findings suggest that increased vegetable/fruit consumption may decrease a risk of EHBDC, and folate, vitamin C, and insoluble fiber might be key contributors to the observed protective effect.

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“…It has been supposed that dietary fiber might decrease risk of prostate cancer by improving insulin sensitivity and decrease bioactivity of Insulin-like growth factor-1 IGF-1 (Barnard et al, 2002). Previous cohort and case-control studies have demonstrated that total, insoluble, soluble and legume fiber are inversely associated with prostate cancer risk (Tabung et al, 2012;Deschasaux et al, 2014;Sawada et al, 2014). Similarly, the ''plant source" pattern (loaded heavily on potassium, Vitamin K, total folate, beta-carotene and lutein) was negatively associated with risk of prostate cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Nutrient Patterns and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study from Iran

Bahrami

Movahed

Teymoori

et al. 2019

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Background:Prostate cancer is the second common cancer in the world. Although some associations between dietary intakes and prostate cancer have been found, the effects of dietary nutrients interactions have not yet evaluated. The aim of this study is to assess the association between nutrient patterns and risk of prostate cancer.Methods and Materials:Ninety-seven patients with prostate cancer and 205 controls were asked about their demographic and dietary intakes using validated questionnaires. To extract nutrient patterns, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on the 35 nutrient items were applied. Varimax rotation was used for improving interpretation and minimizing correlation between the factors. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of prostate cancer by higher scores on the nutrient patterns.Results:High adherence to the “plant source” pattern was negatively associated with prostate cancer risk (OR 0.29 for the highest vs. the lowest score tertile; 95% CI= 0.13 – 0.65; P value for trend: <0.003). Similarly, the “antioxidant and fiber” pattern was associated with decreasing risk of prostate cancer (OR 0.06 for the highest vs. the lowest score tertile;95% CI=0.02 – 0.19; P value for trend: <0.001). There was no significant association for the “mixed” and “vitamin and minerals” pattern with risk of prostate cancer.Conclusion:This study confirms the potential and important role of nutrients on prostate cancer risk. Our finding revealed that “antioxidant and fiber” and “plant source” pattern is inversely associated with prostate cancer risk; however, further longitudinal and trial studies are needed to make a firm conclusion.

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Fiber intake and risk of subsequent prostate cancer in Japanese men

Abstract: Dietary fiber is inversely associated with advanced prostate cancer detected by subjective symptoms even among populations with relatively low intake, such as Japanese. These results suggest that a very low intake of dietary fiber is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.

Cited by 27 publications

References 41 publications

A Pooled Analysis of 15 Prospective Cohort Studies on the Association between Fruit, Vegetable, and Mature Bean Consumption and Risk of Prostate Cancer

A Pooled Analysis of 15 Prospective Cohort Studies on the Association between Fruit, Vegetable, and Mature Bean Consumption and Risk of Prostate Cancer

The relationship between vegetable/fruit consumption and gallbladder/bile duct cancer: A population‐based cohort study in Japan

Dietary Nutrient Patterns and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study from Iran

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