A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing network with a bus chain typology structure based on time-division multiplexing (TDM) technology has been developed. Each FBG sensor was placed in an isolated branching circuit separated by an optical splitter. By doing this, multiple reflection and spectrum shadow, which are common in a traditional TDM network, were eliminated since incident light reflected by each sensor did not go through the other sensors. Interference among different FBGs was also avoided. The system was experimentally verified by constructing such a network with 17 FBGs involved. Wavelength and position interrogation were successfully realized. Temperature experiment was carried out on four of the FBGs and the sensitivity was 9. 87, 9.92, 9.91, and 9.97 pm∕°C, respectively. The durability, reliability, and measuring accuracy of the sensing network were effectively improved due to the bus chain typology structure.