Fiber laser sensor hydrophone performance

Bedwell, I. R.; Jones, David R.H.

doi:10.1109/oceanssyd.2010.5603851

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…5 This acoustic pressure P acts like a longitudinal strain on the Bragg Grating of the DFB FL via the equation…”

Section: The Deep Sea State Zeromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DFB FLs are particularly suited for compact hydrophones array due to their low diameter hydrophone capability and their simple multiplexing capability when they are in series on a single fiber. 4,5 However cascading them may create unwanted external optical feedback in each laser cavity. These external reflections from the side lobes of adjacent Bragg gratings (adjacent with respect to the wavelength) and from Rayleigh scattering in the connecting fiber may result in excess intensity and frequency noise as well as occasional self-pulsing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First demonstration of a 12 DFB fiber laser array on a 100 GHz ITU grid, for underwater acoustic sensing application

Léguillon

Tow

Besnard

et al. 2012

Optical Sensing and Detection II

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We report for the first time a multiplexed array of 12 distributed feedback fiber lasers (DFB FLs) on a single optical fiber, separated by only 100 GHz (0.8 nm) in the C-band. These lasers are pumped by a 200 mW laser diode at 1480 nm with no apparent impact on the sensor noise floor despite the fact that the residual reflections from adjacent gratings may be enhanced due to the smaller wavelength separation. Each DFB FL, especially developed for serial multiplexing, exhibits low lasing threshold typically between 1 and 2 mW, low intensity noise and very low frequency noise (less than 30 dB re 1 Hz 2 /Hz at 1 kHz from optical carrier). From these experimental results, extension to 32 DFB FLs array (on 100 GHz ITU grid) multiplexed on one fiber will be discussed.

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“…5 This acoustic pressure P acts like a longitudinal strain on the Bragg Grating of the DFB FL via the equation…”

Section: The Deep Sea State Zeromentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First demonstration of a 12 DFB fiber laser array on a 100 GHz ITU grid, for underwater acoustic sensing application

Léguillon

Tow

Besnard

et al. 2012

Optical Sensing and Detection II

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“…Compared to optical interferometric hydrophone technology, emerging Distributed FeedBack (DFB) fiber laser hydrophone technology presents key advantages such as compactness and reduced complexity interrogation scheme [2,3,4,10]. High performance hydrophone design [8,9] associated with optimized DFB fiber laser cavity for dense hydrophone multiplexing capability on a single optical fiber [13] remains a key challenge for this promising new acoustic array technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic antenna based on fiber laser hydrophones

et al. 2014

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For underwater surveillance applications, an all-optical acoustic array technology allows enhanced capabilities compared to conventional piezoelectric antenna in terms of compactness, robustness and large distance remote interrogation through small diameter optical cable. One major issue about this kind of antenna is the design of a compact sensitive optical hydrophone which is optimized for reduced temperature sensitivity and high static pressure capability. This paper presents the results obtained on a first full optical antenna panel based on an innovative wideband fiber laser hydrophone. The presented mock-up includes 12 fiber laser optical hydrophones interrogated through a 12 km lead optical cable.

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“…Hence as the curing process progresses the wavelength tends to shift from its designed value before settling into a new final value at the completion of the curing process. 8 It has also been observed that the strains developed during curing process sometimes results in the damage of the grating structure and thereby destroying the sensor itself. 4 The third aspect to be considered when designing the encapsulation is the safe operating depth of the sensor system which often calls for the use of a pressure compensation system that would null the effect of static pressure on the sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure compensated fiber laser hydrophone: Modeling and experimentation

Chandrika

Pallayil

Lim

et al. 2013

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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A pressure compensated metal diaphragm based fiber laser hydrophone configuration that can provide good sensitivity, large bandwidth, and sea state zero noise floor is proposed in this paper. A simplified theoretical model of the proposed sensor configuration is developed in which the acoustic elements of the sensor configuration are modeled using a four-pole acoustic transfer matrix and the structural elements are modeled as second order single degree of freedom elements. This model is then used to optimize the design parameters of the sensor system to achieve the performance objectives. An axisymmetric finite element analysis of the sensor configuration is also carried out to validate the results from the simplified theoretical model. Prototype sensors were fabricated and hydrostatic testing in a pressure vessel validated the static pressure compensation performance of the sensor. Frequency dependent sensitivity of the sensor system was measured through acoustic testing in a water tank. The prototype sensor gave a flat frequency response up to 5 kHz and experimental results compared well with theoretical predictions. The sensor has an acceleration rejection figure on the order of 0 dB ref 1 m/s(2) Pa and the pressure compensation approach worked reasonably well up to a hydrostatic pressures equivalent to a depth of 50 m.

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Fiber laser sensor hydrophone performance

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

First demonstration of a 12 DFB fiber laser array on a 100 GHz ITU grid, for underwater acoustic sensing application

First demonstration of a 12 DFB fiber laser array on a 100 GHz ITU grid, for underwater acoustic sensing application

Acoustic antenna based on fiber laser hydrophones

Pressure compensated fiber laser hydrophone: Modeling and experimentation

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