Fiber-optic photoacoustic sensor for remote monitoring of gas micro-leakage

Chen, Ke; Guo, Min; Liu, Shuai; Zhang, Bo; Deng, Hong; Zheng, Yonghao; Chen, Yewei; Luo, Chen; Tao, Li; Lou, Mingqi; Yu, Qingxu

doi:10.1364/oe.27.004648

Cited by 69 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Among the interferometric transducers, a variant of the traditional Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity, called fiber-optic extrinsic Fabry–Perot interferometer (EFPI) [ 14 , 15 ], can settle the size problem by using the air/fiber interface as first mirror and a reflective diaphragm as second mirror. This low finesse optical cavity, requiring no specific alignment, enables remote detection with optical fiber [ 16 ]. Different materials and geometries have been proposed, involving mainly silver [ 17 ], graphene [ 18 ] or parylene [ 19 ] circular diaphragms, or more recently stainless steel cantilevers [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An all-Optical Photoacoustic Sensor for the Detection of Trace Gas

Lauwers

Glière

Basrour

2020

Sensors

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A highly sensitive Fabry–Perot based transduction method is proposed as an all-optical alternative for the detection of trace gas by the photoacoustic spectroscopy technique. A lumped element model is firstly devised to help design the whole system and is successfully compared to finite element method simulations. The fabricated Fabry–Perot microphone consists in a hinged cantilever based diaphragm, processed by laser cutting, and directly assembled at the tip of an optical fiber. We find a high acoustic sensitivity of 630 mV/Pa and a state-of-the-art noise equivalent pressure, as low as at resonance. For photoacoustic trace gas detection, the Fabry–Perot microphone is further embedded in a cylindrical multipass cell and shows an ultimate detection limit of 15 ppb of NO in nitrogen. The proposed optical trace gas sensor offers the advantages of high sensitivity and easy assembling, as well as the possibility of remote detection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An all-Optical Photoacoustic Sensor for the Detection of Trace Gas

Lauwers

Glière

Basrour

2020

Sensors

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“…Therefore, the stability of I 0 is important to the sensor performance, resulting in a potential risk of destroying the reliability of most absorption-based monitoring systems without reasonable compensation algorithms or stability strategies [8][9][10][11][21][22][23]. The issue could be more critical to scenarios where the laser intensity is very sensitive to the practical environment after a long-path transmission via free-space optics [24] or conductive fiber [25]. Similar to Equation (7), the absolute magnitude of the first harmonic signal, extracted from the same time-domain detector signal, can be expressed by…”

Section: Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust Optical Sensor for Remote Multi-Species Detection Combining Frequency-Division Multiplexing and Normalized Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy

Jin

Zhang

et al. 2021

Sensors

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By combining frequency-division multiplexing and normalized wavelength modulation spectroscopy, a robust remote multi-species sensor was developed and demonstrated for practical hydrocarbon monitoring. Independently modulated laser beams are combined to simultaneously interrogate different gas samples using an open-ended centimeter-size multipass cell. Gas species of interest are demodulated with the second harmonics to enhance sensitivity, and high immunity to laser power variation is achieved by normalizing to the corresponding first harmonics. Performance of the optical sensor was experimentally evaluated using methane (CH4) and acetylene (C2H2) samples, which were separated by a 3-km fiber cable from the laser source. Sub-ppm sensitivity with 1-s time resolution was achieved for both gas species. Moreover, even with large laser intensity fluctuations ranging from 0 to 6 dB, the noise can be kept within 1.38 times as much as that of a stable intensity case. The reported spectroscopic technique would provide a promising optical sensor for remote monitoring of multi hazardous gases with high robustness.

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“…(3) The sink has certain perception capabilities (4) When the system is running (the main switch is not turned off), the energy of the sensors cannot be supplemented (5) The sensors communicate via a symmetric two-way channel, which will never be blocked Based on the above assumptions, N sensors are randomly arranged in an L × L rectangular area and transmit the acquired data back to the sink. Since the equipment and people flow are fixed, the sink (data center) should be installed in the geometric center to ensure the symmetry of data collection.…”

Section: Assumptions and Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pushes up the operation and maintenance costs of buildings and reduces economic benefits. Meanwhile, the demand for effective monitoring and positioning of people in buildings has skyrocketed, owing to the rapid growth in the number of buildings [5]. Therefore, it is significant to realize reliable monitoring and positioning of indoor personnel and equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Indoor Positioning and Prewarning System Based on Wireless Sensor Network Routing Algorithm

2021

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One of the most important means to position abnormal devices is to efficiently utilize the resources of wireless sensor network (WSN) and make proper analysis of the relevant data. Therefore, this paper constructs an indoor positioning and prewarning system that utilizes energy efficiently and achieves a long lifecycle. Firstly, the adjacent round iteration load balancing (ARILB) routing algorithm was proposed, which elects the cluster heads (CHs) by the adjacent round strategy. In this way, the random components were eliminated in CH election. Next, a short-distance multifrequency routing strategy was constructed between CHs to transmit the information to the sink, and a positioning algorithm was designed called ARILB-received signal strength (RSS). The ARILB-RSS positioning algorithm traverses the triangles formed by anchor nodes, forming multiple sets of ranging points; then, the optimal anchor node is recorded, and the path loss factor is iterated to reduce the positioning error. Simulation shows that the network survives 54.5% longer using ARILB than using the distributed energy-efficient clustering (DEEC) algorithm; the packet delivery rate using ARILB was about 139% higher than that of low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm and 35% higher than that of uneven clustering routing algorithm based on chain-cluster type (URCC) algorithm; ARILB-RSS reduced the ranging error by 14.31% and then the positioning error by 26.79%.

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Fiber-optic photoacoustic sensor for remote monitoring of gas micro-leakage

Cited by 69 publications

References 38 publications

An all-Optical Photoacoustic Sensor for the Detection of Trace Gas

An all-Optical Photoacoustic Sensor for the Detection of Trace Gas

A Robust Optical Sensor for Remote Multi-Species Detection Combining Frequency-Division Multiplexing and Normalized Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy

An Indoor Positioning and Prewarning System Based on Wireless Sensor Network Routing Algorithm

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