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A programmable controller for a 2D Lissajous scanning fibre microscope is described. Source motion is based on a vibrating cantilever formed by dip-coating two cylindrical silica fibres. Orthogonal modes are excited by a piezoelectric actuator oriented at 45° to the principal axes. Back-scattered signals are detected using a mode-stripping photodiode to collect cladding modes in a dual numerical aperture confocal scheme. Optical feedback is generated by a shaped reflecting aperture with amplitude-coded reflectivity. Electrical pulses from the detector are separated into low- and high-mode feedback signals using window detectors. The low mode is excited at resonance using a phase-locked loop (PLL) containing a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The high mode is driven off-resonance at a frequency derived from computer control of a second VCO. Amplitudes are corrected, and common frequency signals derived from the two motions using divide-by-N circuits are synchronised using additional PLLs. Programmable generation of Lissajous figures and imaging with dynamically variable scan density are demonstrated.
A programmable controller for a 2D Lissajous scanning fibre microscope is described. Source motion is based on a vibrating cantilever formed by dip-coating two cylindrical silica fibres. Orthogonal modes are excited by a piezoelectric actuator oriented at 45° to the principal axes. Back-scattered signals are detected using a mode-stripping photodiode to collect cladding modes in a dual numerical aperture confocal scheme. Optical feedback is generated by a shaped reflecting aperture with amplitude-coded reflectivity. Electrical pulses from the detector are separated into low- and high-mode feedback signals using window detectors. The low mode is excited at resonance using a phase-locked loop (PLL) containing a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The high mode is driven off-resonance at a frequency derived from computer control of a second VCO. Amplitudes are corrected, and common frequency signals derived from the two motions using divide-by-N circuits are synchronised using additional PLLs. Programmable generation of Lissajous figures and imaging with dynamically variable scan density are demonstrated.
We fabricated a SiO 2 embedded-TiO 2 slanted nanograting sample using reactive ion etching and electron beam lithography techniques and investigated their optical responses. Surface morphology for the fabricated gratings was monitored by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to the SEM observation, the cross-section shape of gratings was like saw-tooth with a slanted angle of 55°, and their periodicity was determined to be ~704 nm. In the measurement, high order diffraction with intensity of 4.63% at 0th and 14.8% at +1st at the interface between SiO 2 and TiO 2 were obtained by irradiating a transverse electric polarized beam with wavelength 532 nm at the incident angle 17.5° from the rear side of TiO 2 . The 0th order diffraction beam was passed through the SiO 2 substrate sample and, then, directly emitted into the atmosphere. The emitted beam can create a virtual reality (VR) image to project on a board. On the other hand, the +1st order diffraction beam is guided by a zigzag into the SiO 2 substrate. During waveguide, the beam duplicated using optical property either a forbidden system or an accepted system permits partial penetration to a permeable display mounted on a surface of the SiO 2 substrate. Penetrated duplication beams are waveguided with total internal reflection in a display, resulting in emission from the side face of the permeable display. The emitted beam can provide the duplicated VR images in the atmosphere. In future, this integrated devise will play an important role for a head mounted display creating a projection VR and duplicated VR simultaneously.
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