Fibre-matrix adhesion and its relationship to composite mechanical properties

Drzal, Lawrence T.; Madhukar, Madhu S.

doi:10.1007/bf01151234

Cited by 374 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…150 Figure A.34: Details of tapered double cantilever specimen (TDCB). Crosshatched areas indicate portions which were plated with copper for crack propagation velocity measurements.…”

Section: W0mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, normal stresses act across the fiber/matrix interface which contribute to the initial debonding process and make interpretations of adhesive strengths from this test suspect [150].…”

Section: B221mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultimately, a critical length is reached below which no further cracking takes place. The interfacial shear strength is then related to this critical length and the intrinsic fiber fracture stress [150,155]. The obvious disadvantage of this method is that it requires a brittle fiber, which is subject to statistical variation in fracture strength.…”

Section: B222 Embedded Fiber Specimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental investigations of crack trapping in brittle heterogeneous solids

Mower

Argon

1995

Mechanics of Materials

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Over the past two decades many mechanisms of toughening have been considered for brittle solids. Some of the most prominent ones applicable to either monolithic materials or fiberreinforced composites include deformation-induced local transformations, micro-cracking, crack trapping, crack bridging, and fiber pull-out. Few if any of these have been studied in the past in a manner which permitted evaluation of the effects of individual mechanisms in the absence of other interacting mechanisms. Here we present the development, analysis and results of an experimental study of toughening by the process of crack trapping by second-phase particles (spheres and fibers) of such toughness that make them impenetrable by probing cracks, forcing the cracks to bow around the obstacles with increasing applied load.The model fracture specimens employed here were wedge-loaded double cantilever beams cast of a brittle epoxy, containing macroscopic (3mm-diameter) inclusions of Nylon or polycarbonate having similar elastic properties to the matrix. The tests were performed at -60*C to achieve controlled, stable crack propagation. Images of the crack fronts advancing at velocities of about 10-4 M/s were recorded with good resolution, providing a continuous record of crack-front shapes during the evolution of the crack-trapping process from the initial pinning configuration through the transition to crack-flank bridging. Remarkable agreement between these images and crack-front shapes predicted by the numerical simulation of Bower & Ortiz is demonstrated. A parametric approach was adopted to study the influence of obstacle spacing, surface adhesion and thermally-induced residual stresses upon the observed crack-front behavior and enhanced stress intensity required to propagate the cracks past these obstacles. Analysis of the quantitative data has demonstrated that, in brittle matrices containing particle volume fractions of approximately 0.2, toughness enhancement by over a factor of two, relative to neat matrix values, may be achieved through the crack-trapping mechanism alone, provided that a high level of adhesion can be maintained between the matrix and the tough reinforcing particles.

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“…150 Figure A.34: Details of tapered double cantilever specimen (TDCB). Crosshatched areas indicate portions which were plated with copper for crack propagation velocity measurements.…”

Section: W0mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B221mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B222 Embedded Fiber Specimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental investigations of crack trapping in brittle heterogeneous solids

Mower

Argon

1995

Mechanics of Materials

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“…To explore the full potential of carbon fibres as reinforcements for desired composites, it is necessary to have an adequate fibre-matrix interface to ensure effective load transfer from the matrix to the fibre [1,2]. However, carbon fibres are chemically inert in nature and therefore have poor wettability and adsorption with most matrices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening of a Fibre-Matrix Interface: A Novel Method Using Nanoparticles

Tiwari

Bijwe

Panier

2013

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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The surface of carbon fabric (CF) was treated with nanoparticles (NPs) of Ytterbium fluoride (YbF3) (40-80nm size) in various amounts (0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5wt%) to improve its wettability with a Polyetherimide (PEI) matrix. The effect of treatment on the fibres of the CF was also studied by adhesion testing and fibre tow tension testing. An improvement in wettability with PEI and a slight reduction in the tensile strength of the CF was observed in these tests. Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) indicated the addition of functional groups on the fabric after treatment. MicroRaman spectroscopy (MRS) showed a slight distortion in the structure of the CF due to the treatment. Increased roughness of the fibre surface and adhesion of NPs on the fibre surface were observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Composites were developed based on untreated and surface-treated CFs by impregnation techniques. The composites were analysed for interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and a maximum improvement of 61% was observed for the 0.3% concentration of YbF3, followed by a slight decline in ILSS, indicating that it was the optimum dose.

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“…234 This was attributed to the microcapsules increasing the thickness of the interlaminar layer, relative to microcapsule free layers, which has been observed elsewhere to similarly affect composites' fracture toughness. 235 The average fracture toughness based healing efficiency of a fibre weave reinforced epoxy polymer containing DCPD filled microcapsules and Grubbs' catalyst was reported as 38%, 234 considerably lower than the 90% healing efficiency reported elsewhere for an otherwise similar neat polymer matrix. 29 While this decrease in healing is likely not as dramatic as a direct comparison of the two values would indicate, due to the virgin property differences between the fibre reinforced polymer and neat polymer matrix, it is clear that incorporation of the fibre weave is detrimental to the healing mechanism.…”

Section: Healing In Presence Of Structural Reinforcementsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Self-healing polymers and composites

Mauldin¹,

Kessler²

2010

International Materials Reviews

235

136

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Inspired by the unique and efficient wound healing processes in biological systems, several approaches to develop synthetic polymers that can repair themselves with complete, or nearly complete, autonomy have recently been developed. This review aims to survey the rapidly expanding field of self-healing polymers by reviewing the major successful autonomic repairing mechanisms developed over the last decade. Additionally, we discuss several issues related to transferring these self-healing technologies from the laboratory to real applications, such as virgin polymer property changes as a result of the added healing functionality, healing in thin films v. bulk polymers, and healing in the presence of structural reinforcements.

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Fibre-matrix adhesion and its relationship to composite mechanical properties

Cited by 374 publications

References 23 publications

Experimental investigations of crack trapping in brittle heterogeneous solids

Experimental investigations of crack trapping in brittle heterogeneous solids

Strengthening of a Fibre-Matrix Interface: A Novel Method Using Nanoparticles

Self-healing polymers and composites

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