Fibre supplementation to pre‐weaning piglet diets did not improve the resilience towards a post‐weaning enterotoxigenic <i>E. coli</i> challenge

Hees, Hubertus van; Maes, Dominiek; Millet, Sam; Hartog, Leo den; Kempen, Theo van; Janssens, Geert

doi:10.1111/jpn.13475

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…We argue that, at least, the products are unlikely to be detrimental to cellular integrity. Of note, on the contrary, some authors reported detrimental effects of fibers such as cellulose and arabinoxylan [ 130 ], indicating that the outcomes are probably fiber-specific.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lentils and Yeast Fibers: A New Strategy to Mitigate Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Strain H10407 Virulence?

et al. 2022

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Dietary fibers exhibit well-known beneficial effects on human health, but their anti-infectious properties against enteric pathogens have been poorly investigated. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major food-borne pathogen that causes acute traveler’s diarrhea. Its virulence traits mainly rely on adhesion to an epithelial surface, mucus degradation, and the secretion of two enterotoxins associated with intestinal inflammation. With the increasing burden of antibiotic resistance worldwide, there is an imperious need to develop novel alternative strategies to control ETEC infections. This study aimed to investigate, using complementary in vitro approaches, the inhibitory potential of two dietary-fiber-containing products (a lentil extract and yeast cell walls) against the human ETEC reference strain H10407. We showed that the lentil extract decreased toxin production in a dose-dependent manner, reduced pro-inflammatory interleukin-8 production, and modulated mucus-related gene induction in ETEC-infected mucus-secreting intestinal cells. We also report that the yeast product reduced ETEC adhesion to mucin and Caco-2/HT29-MTX cells. Both fiber-containing products strengthened intestinal barrier function and modulated toxin-related gene expression. In a complex human gut microbial background, both products did not elicit a significant effect on ETEC colonization. These pioneering data demonstrate the promising role of dietary fibers in controlling different stages of the ETEC infection process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lentils and Yeast Fibers: A New Strategy to Mitigate Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Strain H10407 Virulence?

et al. 2022

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“…However, in contrast to Berrocoso et al [ 335 ], the effect was especially seen in poor sanitary conditions compared with optimal sanitary conditions. When providing piglets additional fibre by adding 2% long-chain arabinoxylans from wheat (lc-AXOS) or 5% purified cellulose or both to a control standard diet, van Hees et al [ 337 ] observed a significant negative effect of lc-AXOS on diarrhoea in the first week post-weaning. Furthermore, intestinal permeability increased when supplying lc-AXOS prior to ETEC (days 7 to 9 post-weaning), whereas after ETEC challenge, cellulose increased permeability.…”

Section: Strategies To Prevent/reduce Post-weaning Diarrhoeamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Supporting these results, Halas et al [ 130 ] conducted an ETEC F4 challenge study with weaners and measured a reduction in PWD incidence and improved faecal consistency when pigs were fed a diet with 8% added inulin as compared with a inulin-free control. As described above, the study by van Hees et al [ 337 ] showed a negative effect of providing piglets with additional fibre by adding 2% long-chain arabinoxylans from wheat (lc-AXOS) to creep feed on diarrhoea the first week post-weaning and on intestinal permeability.…”

Section: Strategies To Prevent/reduce Post-weaning Diarrhoeamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Preventive Measures to Reduce Post-Weaning Diarrhoea in Piglets

Canibe¹,

Højberg²,

Kongsted³

et al. 2022

Animals

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In many countries, medical levels of zinc (typically as zinc oxide) are added to piglet diets in the first two weeks post-weaning to prevent the development of post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD). However, high levels of zinc constitute an environmental polluting agent, and may contribute to the development and/or maintenance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among bacteria. Consequently, the EU banned administering medical levels of zinc in pig diets as of June 2022. However, this may result in an increased use of antibiotic therapeutics to combat PWD and thereby an increased risk of further AMR development. The search for alternative measures against PWD with a minimum use of antibiotics and in the absence of medical levels of zinc has therefore been intensified over recent years, and feed-related measures, including feed ingredients, feed additives, and feeding strategies, are being intensively investigated. Furthermore, management strategies have been developed and are undoubtedly relevant; however, these will not be addressed in this review. Here, feed measures (and vaccines) are addressed, these being probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, proteobiotics, plants and plant extracts (in particular essential oils and tannins), macroalgae (particularly macroalgae-derived polysaccharides), dietary fibre, antimicrobial peptides, specific amino acids, dietary fatty acids, milk replacers, milk components, creep feed, vaccines, bacteriophages, and single-domain antibodies (nanobodies). The list covers measures with a rather long history and others that require significant development before their eventual use can be extended. To assess the potential of feed-related measures in combating PWD, the literature reviewed here has focused on studies reporting parameters of PWD (i.e., faeces score and/or faeces dry matter content during the first two weeks post-weaning). Although the impact on PWD (or related parameters) of the investigated measures may often be inconsistent, many studies do report positive effects. However, several studies have shown that control pigs do not suffer from diarrhoea, making it difficult to evaluate the biological and practical relevance of these improvements. From the reviewed literature, it is not possible to rank the efficacy of the various measures, and the efficacy most probably depends on a range of factors related to animal genetics and health status, additive doses used, composition of the feed, etc. We conclude that a combination of various measures is probably most recommendable in most situations. However, in this respect, it should be considered that combining strategies may lead to additive (e.g., synbiotics), synergistic (e.g., plant materials), or antagonistic (e.g., algae compounds) effects, requiring detailed knowledge on the modes of action in order to design effective strategies.

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“…As suggested by this and other studies ( Table 3 ), creep feed can also serve a functional role, in which the nutrient composition of the creep feed may be able to modulate gut health. Additional research is nevertheless needed in order to understand the impact of such strategies on post-weaning growth and gut health [ 115 ].…”

Section: Preparing Piglets For Weaningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Nutritional Strategies to Shape the Gastro-Intestinal Tracts of Suckling and Weaned Piglets

Hüting

Middelkoop

Guan

et al. 2021

Animals

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This is a comprehensive review on the use of nutritional strategies to shape the functioning of the gastro-intestinal tract in suckling and weaned piglets. The progressive development of a piglet’s gut and the associated microbiota and immune system offers a unique window of opportunity for supporting gut health through dietary modulation. This is particularly relevant for large litters, for which sow colostrum and milk are insufficient. The authors have therefore proposed the use of supplemental milk and creep feed with a dual purpose. In addition to providing nutrients to piglets, supplemental milk can also serve as a gut modulator in early life by incorporating functional ingredients with potential long-term benefits. To prepare piglets for weaning, it is important to stimulate the intake of solid feed before weaning, in addition to stimulating the number of piglets eating. The use of functional ingredients in creep feed and a transition diet around the time of weaning helps to habituate piglets to solid feed in general, while also preparing the gut for the digestion and fermentation of specific ingredients. In the first days after weaning (i.e., the acute phase), it is important to maintain high levels of feed intake and focus on nutritional strategies that support good gastric (barrier) function and that avoid overloading the impaired digestion and fermentation capacity of the piglets. In the subsequent maturation phase, the ratio of lysine to energy can be increased gradually in order to stimulate piglet growth. This is because the digestive and fermentation capacity of the piglets is more mature at this stage, thus allowing the inclusion of more fermentable fibres. Taken together, the nutritional strategies addressed in this review provide a structured approach to preparing piglets for success during weaning and the period that follows. The implementation of this approach and the insights to be developed through future research can help to achieve some of the most important goals in pig production: reducing piglet mortality, morbidity and antimicrobial use.

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Fibre supplementation to pre‐weaning piglet diets did not improve the resilience towards a post‐weaning enterotoxigenic E. coli challenge

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Lentils and Yeast Fibers: A New Strategy to Mitigate Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Strain H10407 Virulence?

Lentils and Yeast Fibers: A New Strategy to Mitigate Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Strain H10407 Virulence?

Review on Preventive Measures to Reduce Post-Weaning Diarrhoea in Piglets

Using Nutritional Strategies to Shape the Gastro-Intestinal Tracts of Suckling and Weaned Piglets

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