Fibrillin delineates the primary axis of the early avian embryo

Gallagher, Betty C.; Sakai, Lynn Y.; Little, Charles D.

doi:10.1002/aja.1001960109

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…It was recently shown that elastin is expressed much earlier than previously thought (Visconti et al, 2003), but it is still far behind the initial expression of fibrillin-1 and -2 (Gallagher et al, 1993;Wunsch et al, 1994) and FB1 antigen (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Subectodermal microfibrillar bundles are organized into a distinct parallel array in the developing chick limb bud

et al. 2004

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In this study, a unique fiber system in the subectodermal mesenchyme of the chick limb bud was visualized immunohistochemically with the use of a novel monoclonal antibody termed "FB1." This antibody stained a subset of extracellular fibers in the embryonic mesenchyme. Among the fibers visualized, those running perpendicularly to the limb bud ectoderm became progressively prominent in their thickness and length, and organized into a parallel array in the subectodermal region. This fiber system was distinct from that of major collagens, fibronectin, or tenascin. A molecule immunoprecipitated with FB1 comigrated with JB3 antigen, or chicken fibrillin-2. The fibers visualized immunohistochemically by FB1 and JB3 were indistinguishable from each other, and ultrastructurally appeared to be bundles composed of tubular-like microfibrils that originated directly from the ectodermal basal lamina. They lacked the amorphous deposits that are characteristic of elastin. A similar array of subectodermal fibers was also found in the developing axilla and some truncal regions, again well before the development of a definitive dermis. These findings suggest that a parallel array of subectodermal FB1-positive fibers constitutes a precocious fiber system in the presumptive dermis prior to the substantial formation of collagenous fibers. These fibers could be developmentally linked to oxytalan fibers, which are known to be present in the papillary dermis in mature cutaneous tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Subectodermal microfibrillar bundles are organized into a distinct parallel array in the developing chick limb bud

et al. 2004

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“…Every vertebrate embryo that has been examined exhibits peri-notochordal fibrillin immunoreactivity (Gallagher et al, 1993;Rongish et al, 1998;Quondamatteo et al, 2002;Visconti et al, 2003). Highresolution localization studies of Fbn 2 during avian development using the same antibody (JB3) as employed in this study reveal a difference in the timing of appearance of Fib 2 in the notochord-somite boundary between avian and amphibian embryos.…”

Section: The Notochord-somite Boundarymentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Fbn 3 is also present in embryos, but its distribution is less well characterized (Corson et al, 2004). In the chicken dorsal axis, a mechanical role for the fibrillins in maintaining tissue integrity has been postulated, both prior to notochord development and at later stages as a fibrillar, basket-like network holding axial embryonic elements such as notochord, somites, dorsal aorta, and gut in relative position (Gallagher et al, 1993;Wunsch et al, 1994;Rongish et al, 1998;Czirok et al, 2004). The dynamic behavior of Fbn 2 fibrils during axis formation in the chicken embryo reveals strong cell-matrix interactions, because fibril displacement in the axis is similar to the pattern of cell movement described in the gastrula (Czirok et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenopus fibrillin is expressed in the organizer and is the earliest component of matrix at the developing notochord‐somite boundary

Skoglund

Dzamba

Coffman

et al. 2006

Developmental Dynamics

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We identify a Xenopus fibrillin homolog (XF), and show that its earliest developmental expression is in presumptive dorsal mesoderm at gastrulation, and that XF expression is regulated by mesoderm-inducing factors in animal cap assays. XF protein is also first detected in presumptive mesoderm, but is concentrated specifically into extracellular-matrix structures that begin to develop de novo by mid-gastrulation at both of the bilateral presumptive notochord-somite boundaries. Later in embryogenesis, XF protein is localized to the extracellular matrix at tissue boundaries, where it is found surrounding the notochord, the somites, and the neural tube, as well as under the epidermis. This pattern of protein deposition combines to give the appearance of an "embryonic skeleton," suggesting that one role for XF is to serve as a mechanical element in the embryo prior to bone deposition.

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“…It has been clearly established that all animal species have specific extracellular matrix components which provide their tissues with the tensile properties which are required to meet the demands of mechanical stress (Sage and Gray, 1979). Gallagher et al, (1993) have previously suggested a mechanical function for fibrillin in the process of gastrulation. The heart, even during the earliest stages of development, undergoes significant mechanical stress (Clark and Hu, 1982) and therefore most probably requires a specialized elastic matrix.…”

Section: First Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastic extracellular matrix of the embryonic chick heart: An immunohistological study using laser confocal microscopy

Hurlé

Kitten

Sakai

et al. 1994

Developmental Dynamics

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The "elastic matrix" constitutes a specialized component of the extracellular matrix which confers resiliency to tissues and organs subjected to repeated deformations. The role of the elastic matrix in living organisms appears to be of key importance since diseases characterized by expression of defective inherited genes which encode components of the elastic matrix lead to premature death. While the elastic matrix of adult organs has received a great deal of attention, little is known about when it first appears in embryonic tissues or its possible role in developing organs. In the present study we have performed an immunohistochemical study of the distribution of elastin and three additional components often associated with elastic matrices in adult tissues (i.e., fibrillin, emilin, and type VI collagen) during the development of the chicken embryonic heart. The threedimensional arrangement of these components was established through the observation of wholemount specimens with scanning laser confocal microscopy. Our results revealed three different periods of heart development regarding the composition of the elastic matrix. Prior to stage 21 the embryonic heart lacks elastin but exhibits a matrix scaffold of fibrillin and emilin associated with the endocardium and the developing cardiac jelly. Between stages 22 and 29 the heart shows a transient elastic scaffold in the outflow tract which contains elastin, fibrillin, and emilin. Elastin-positive fibrillar material is also observed during these stages in the base of the atrioventricular cushion adjacent to the myocardial wall. In addition, emilin-positive material appears to be associated with the zones of formation of ventricular trabeculae. Collagen type VI was not detected during these early stages. From stage 30 to stage 40 a progressive modification of the pattern of distribution of elastin, fibrillin, emilin, and collagen type VI is observed in association with the formation of the definitive four-chambered heart. The distribution of the elastic scaffold in the outflow tract appears to be rearranged and becomes restricted to the roots of the main arteries. Each of the components studied here is also deposited at increasing levels in the developing valvular appa-ratus including the valve leaflets and the chordae tendinea. The components are also present in the subendocardial space where they form aligned fibrillar tracts, an arrangement suggestive of a role in ventricular contractile function. The epicardium constitutes an additional region of elastic matrix deposition during these later stages and contains elastic, fibrillin, and collagen type VI. Finally, during the later stages the intramyocardial matrix (''myocardial interstitium") is formed and characterized by an abundance of collagen type VI, emilin, and fibrillin but lacks elastin-positive material. This study suggests that during cardiac development there is not a fixed composition of the so-called "elastic matrix.'' Rather, combinations of the different components of the elastic matrice...

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Fibrillin delineates the primary axis of the early avian embryo

Cited by 48 publications

References 40 publications

Subectodermal microfibrillar bundles are organized into a distinct parallel array in the developing chick limb bud

Subectodermal microfibrillar bundles are organized into a distinct parallel array in the developing chick limb bud

Xenopus fibrillin is expressed in the organizer and is the earliest component of matrix at the developing notochord‐somite boundary

Elastic extracellular matrix of the embryonic chick heart: An immunohistological study using laser confocal microscopy

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