Fibromuscular hyperplasia of the extracranial internal carotid artery

Abstract

✓ Fibromuscular hyperplasia is an alteration of the arterial wall, affecting mostly middle-aged women. When localized to the internal carotid arteries, it can give symptoms of intermittent or permanent cerebral ischemia, but is usually asymptomatic. Three cases, all of them accidental angiographic findings, are used as a basis for discussion of the angiographic features, differential diagnosis, and surgical treatment.

Cerebral embolism from septal fibromuscular dysplasia of the common carotid artery

“…With the septal lesion protruding into the vessel lumen, blood flow may be disrupted to a greater degree than it is in the more common segmental con- Complicating these unfavorable factors is our observation that the lesion progressed in size in less than one year. Both renal [4] and cervical [2] artery FMD have previously been reported to show progression in follow-up angiograms.…”

“…Matinian and Andreasian [ 3 ] have stated that use of the enzyme preparation Lidase [ 11 is effective in enhancing axonal regeneration and promoting functional return. In a previous experiment [2] using the exact protocols of Matinian and Andreasian's two most successful enzyme treatment paradigms, we were unable to duplicate their results. However, since we used enzymes manufactured in the United States, it remained possible that an unknown factor contained in the Russian-produced enzymes could have been responsible for the reported regeneration.…”

“…Each weighed approximately 125 gm. The surgical techniques utilized were identical to those described in our previous enzyme experiment [2].…”

“…The procedures used for evaluating bladder function, clinical activity, electrophysiological response, and axonal flow of radioisotopic proline were identical to those described previously [2].…”

Cerebrovascular fibromuscular dysplasia. Case report

“…FMD with involvement of the carotid and vertebral arteries was described first in 1964 by Palumbinskas [8,2,3,9,1,4,5] Some also report its association with intracranial aneurysms. FMD with involvement of the carotid and vertebral arteries was described first in 1964 by Palumbinskas [8,2,3,9,1,4,5] Some also report its association with intracranial aneurysms.…”