“…Discussions of the etiology of these differences often focus on biological factors, yet there is evidence to suggest that psychological and sociocultural factors are at least as important, if not more so (e.g., Klonoff, Landrine, & Campbell, 2000; Nolen-Hoeksema, Larson, & Grayson, 1999; Weiss, Longhurst, & Mazure, 1999). In addition, there appears to be a similar gender disparity in the rates of chronic illnesses such as systemic lupus erythematosus, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, and migraine headaches (Frissora & Koch, 2005; Mannix, Diamond, & Loder, 2002; McCarthy, 2000; Trethewey, 2004; Tuck & Wallace, 1998; White, Lemkau, & Clasen, 2001). As psychology moves increasingly toward providing services for those coping with medical illnesses, it becomes important for psychologists to understand the relationship of gender to medical illness.…”