Ficin-catalyzed asymmetric aldol reactions of heterocyclic ketones with aldehydes

Enzyme promiscuity: using the dark side of enzyme specificity in white biotechnology

“…The authors used a series of substituted benzalacetones and 1, 3-cyclic diketones as reactants in anhydrous DMF, with yields as high as 76% being obtained in some cases. Recently, ficin from fig tree latex (a plant cysteine proteinase) was shown to catalyze the direct asymmetric aldol reactions of nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur containing heterocyclic ketones with aromatic aldehydes in organic medium [53]. Earlier work from the same group showed that commercially available papain (from Carica papaya latex) can be used as an efficient catalyst for Knoevenagel reactions involving a wide range of substrates [54].…”

Pepsin-catalyzed direct asymmetric aldol reactions for the synthesis of vicinal diol compounds

“…13 Subsequently, some other asymmetric aldol reactions catalyzed by lipases from porcine and bovine pancreas were described. 14 In addition, some proteases, such as pepsin 15 and trypsin from porcine pancreas, 16 chymopapain, 17 ficin, 18 Alcalase-CLEA Ò , 19 alkaline protease from Bacillus licheniformis, 20 acidic protease from Aspergillus usamii, 21 and proteinase from Aspergillus melleus, 22 were disclosed to show the promiscuous behavior in catalysis of the asymmetric aldol reactions of aromatic aldehydes with cyclic ketones, heterocyclic ketones or acetone. Besides lipases and proteases, some other hydrolases were also found to have the ability to catalyze asymmetric aldol reactions.…”

Reações aldólicas em biocatálise: o emprego de lipases como catalisadores e a aplicação do meio reacional de miniemulsão

“….................................................................................... 8 Tabela -Exemplos de reações aldólicas catalisadas por PPLII em CH3CN e tampão fosfato (Zheng et al, 2014). ................................................................................................................... 8 Tabela -Exemplos de reações aldólicas catalisadas por PPLII em CH3CN e tampão fosfato Xie et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2013;Fu et al, 2013;Yuan et al, 2013;Li et al, 2015). .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Tabela -Uso de lipases para a catálise de reações aldólicas.…”

“…Tabela 4 -Exemplos de reações aldólicas catalisadas por PPLII em CH3CN e tampão fosfato Xie et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2013;Fu et al, 2013;Yuan et al, 2013;Li et al, 2015).…”

“…Ainda no que se referem às hidrolases (lipases, proteases e esterases), a protease alcalina de Bacillus licheniformis (BLAP) foi empregada em reações aldólicas entre aldeídos aromáticos e cetonas cíclicas em meio orgânico na presença de água . Assim como a protease ácida de Aspergillus usamii (AUP) (Xie et al, 2012), a chimopapaina (CHI) (He et al, 2012), a tripsina (TRIP) (Chen et al, 2013), a ficina (FIC) (Fu et al, 2013), a proteinase de Aspergillus melleus (AMP) (Yuan et al, 2013), a Nuclease P1 de Penicillium citrinum (NUC) , a esterase termofílica APE1547 em altas temperaturas (50-80 °C) (Haoran et al, 2014) e a esterase de Sulfolobus tokodaii (STE) (Li et al, 2015)…”