Ficus seed shadows in a Bornean rain forest

Laman, Timothy G.

doi:10.1007/bf00328451

Cited by 59 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This gives a linear relationship between ln(S D ) and D. Some authors have suggested that logging both axes gives a more realistic relationship (Willson 1993;Laman 1996). This accords with the inverse power model:…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

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Long distance seed dispersal by wind: measuring and modelling the tail of the curve

Bullock¹,

Clarke²

2000

Oecologia

348

327

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The size and shape of the tail of the seed dispersal curve is important in determining the spatial dynamics of plants, but is difficult to quantify. We devised an experimental protocol to measure long-distance dispersal which involved measuring dispersal by wind from isolated individuals at a range of distances from the source, but maintaining a large and constant sampling intensity at each distance. Seeds were trapped up to 80 m from the plants, the furthest a dispersal curve for an individual plant has been measured for a non-tree species. Standard empirical negative exponential and inverse power models were fitted using likelihood methods. The latter always had a better fit than the former, but in most cases neither described the data well, and strongly under-estimated the tail of the dispersal curve. An alternative model formulation with two kernel components had a much better fit in most cases and described the tail data more accurately. Mechanistic models provide an alternative to direct measurement of dispersal. However, while a previous mechanistic model accurately predicted the modal dispersal distance, it always under-predicted the measured tail. Long-distance dispersal may be caused by rare extremes in horizontal wind speed or turbulence. Therefore, under-estimation of the tail by standard empirical models and mechanistic models may indicate a lack of flexibility to take account of such extremes. Future studies should examine carefully whether the widely used exponential and power models are, in fact, valid, and investigate alternative models.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…They also commented that limitations of existing data sets made evaluation of the two model types difficult (but see Laman 1996). We examine how these models fit our dispersal data, particularly in terms of fit to the tail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long distance seed dispersal by wind: measuring and modelling the tail of the curve

Bullock¹,

Clarke²

2000

Oecologia

348

327

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Seed dispersal involves a series of sequential stages, and the chances of a seed surviving through these phases to become an established seedling are very low [Jordano & Herrera, 1995;Laman, 1996]. The principal benefit fruit-eating animals provide in seed dispersal is to distribute seeds to sites that enhance the chance of seed survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary seed shadow generated by gibbons in the rain forests of Barito Ulu, central Borneo

McConkey

2000

Am. J. Primatol.

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“…in French Guiana, in which most of the fruit occurs under the parental crown (Forget 1992a). Laman (1996) found that more than 50% of the fruits of two Ficus species (which bear small fruit), in a Bornean rain forest, fell under their own crown. The shape and size of the adult crown may influence the seed distribution on the ground (Ramirez & Arroyo 1987).…”

Section: Canopy Coverage (%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of seeds and juveniles of Enterolobium glaziovii Bentham (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) in the Atlantic forest, Brazil

2005

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RESUMO -(Distribuição espacial de sementes e juvenis de Enterolobium glaziovii (Leguminosae, Mimosoidade) na mata Atlântica, Brasil). Os padrões de distribuição espacial de frutos e juvenis de Enterobium glaziovii Bentham foram avaliados em quatro parcelas circulares de 30 m de raio, centralizadas em uma árvore reprodutiva para determinar se o tamanho das copas das plantas parentais, topografia e cobertura de dossel influenciam esses padrões. Cada copa foi subdividida em oito triângulos irregulares e suas áreas calculadas. Cada parcela foi subdividida em quatro sub-parcelas, sendo duas nos terrenos inclinados para cima e duas nos inclinados para baixo. A cobertura de dossel de cada parcela foi estimada tanto na altura do peito (1,30 m), quanto na altura do chão, a cada três meses em 1998. O número de frutos e juvenis de E. glaziovii foi quantificado. Apesar de ter havido mais frutos debaixo da copa da arvore parental (F 1,12 = 0.01; p = 0,92), não houve diferenças no número de juvenis embaixo ou fora da copa da planta parental (F 1,12 = 0,88; p = 0,36). Houve correlação positiva entre a área das copas e o número de frutos e juvenis embaixo delas (r = 0,62; df = 14; p < 0,05). A maioria dos frutos e juvenis foi encontrada nos terrenos inclinados para baixo. A cobertura de dossel foi menor na primavera, porém maior embaixo da copa das plantas reprodutivas (apenas na altura do peito). Esses resultados indicam que a copa das plantas parentais, topografia e cobertura de dossel influenciam o padrão de distribuição espacial e provavelmente também a dinâmica de sementes e juvenis de E. glaziovii. Palavras-chave: chuva de sementes, influência do parental, tamanho da copa, topografiaABSTRACT -(Spatial distribution of seeds and juveniles of Enterolobium glaziovii Bentham (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) in the Atlantic forest, Brazil). The spatial distribution of fruits and juveniles of Enterolobium glaziovii Bentham were evaluated in four circular plots of 30 m radius, centered around reproductive individuals to determine whether the size of the parental crowns, topography, and canopy coverage influence these patterns. Each crown was subdivided into eight irregular triangles and the area of each was calculated. Each plot was subdivided into four sub-plots, two of them in an up-slope direction, and the other two in a down-slope direction. The canopy coverage for each plot was estimated at breast height (1.30 m) and at ground level, every three months during 1998. The numbers of fruits and juveniles of E. glaziovii were recorded. Although there were more fruit under the parental crown (F 1,12 = 0.01; p = 0.92), there was no difference in the number of juveniles under and beyond the reproductive trees (F 1,12 = 0.88; p = 0.36). There was a positive correlation between the areas of the crowns and the numbers of fruits and juveniles under them (r = 0.62; df = 14; p < 0.05). Most of the fruits and juveniles were found in the down-slope directions. The canopy coverage was lower in spring, but higher under parental crowns (only at brea...

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Ficus seed shadows in a Bornean rain forest

Cited by 59 publications

References 27 publications

Long distance seed dispersal by wind: measuring and modelling the tail of the curve

Long distance seed dispersal by wind: measuring and modelling the tail of the curve

Primary seed shadow generated by gibbons in the rain forests of Barito Ulu, central Borneo

Spatial distribution of seeds and juveniles of Enterolobium glaziovii Bentham (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) in the Atlantic forest, Brazil

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