Fidelity of Information Processing on a Psychomotor Vigilance Task Predicts Changes in Self-Reported Sleepiness Ratings

Abstract

Introduction: Daytime sleepiness is a common problem. Although sleepiness is primarily assessed at the self-report unit of analysis, factors that contribute to an individual's experience and report of sleepiness remain poorly understood. While sleepiness is known to impact vigilance performance, the impact of vigilance performance on sleepiness reports is less well understood. We aimed to explore how performance on a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) relates to changes in self-reported sleepiness in a rested condition. Methods: Participants were 66 adults (Mdn=23, range 18-49 years old), 47% female, 88% white, with a wide range of insomnia symptoms. Participants rated their sleepiness on a scale from 1 (not sleepy) to 10 (extremely sleepy) at the start (pre) and the end (post) of a 10minute computerized PVT. Ordinal regression determined whether mean reciprocal reaction time, a measure of overall performance, or the log-transformed signal-to-noise ratio (LSNR), a measure of fidelity of information processing, predicted post-sleepiness, adjusting for presleepiness, insomnia, and potential confounds. Results: Lower LSNR predicted greater change in sleepiness (pre-to-post PVT) and higher post-sleepiness even after adjusting for pre-sleepiness, mean reciprocal reaction time, insomnia, and other potential confounds (p<0.05). Discussion: When adjusting for insomnia symptoms and potential confounds, participants with lower fidelity of information processing reported higher sleepiness than they had reported at the start of the PVT. Possible mechanisms and explanations are discussed in relation to a 3-factor model of sleep-wake states. This line of research may contribute to innovative approaches to assessing and treating sleepiness.

Self-Reported Sleepiness after 2, 4, and 7 Consecutive Night Shifts and Recovery Days in Danish Police Officers

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An Investigation on Eye Tracking Indicators to Detect Alertness on Inspection Jobs with Sleep Limits and Gender Differences

“…Pada penelitian lainnya, didapati adanya perbedaan kewaspadaan, yang diukur dengan waktu reaksi, antara pria dan wanita (Seidel & Joschko, 1991;Blatter et al, 2006;Venker et al, 2007;Beijamini et al, 2008). Sebagai pembanding digunakan indikator PVT (Basner & Dinges, 2011;Basner et al, 2011;Basner & Rubinstein, 2011;Yang et al, 2019;Nielson et al, 2021;Mao et al, 2021) dan KSS yang telah terbukti mampu mendeteksi perubahan kewapadaan (Kaida, 2006;Johns, 2009). Diameter pupil wanita memiliki ukuran lebih besar 11% saat tidur 8 jam dan 7% saat tidur 4 jam dibandingkan partisipan pria (Gambar 6).…”