Field-aged biochar stimulated N2O production from greenhouse vegetable production soils by nitrification and denitrification

Duan, Pengpeng; Zhang, Xi; Zhang, Qianqian; Wu, Zujian; Xiong, Zhengqin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.166

Cited by 101 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Denitrification, the process by which microorganisms use N oxides as electron acceptors (Tang et al, 2016), is of crucial significance in the natural N cycle. Our finding that biochar significantly improved the abundance of denitrifying bacteria in both paddy and purple soils is consistent with that of a previous study (Duan et al, 2018). Several studies have shown that biochar application increases the abundance of N-fixing bacteria (Lehmann et al, 2008; Singh et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils

Shen

Niu

Yan

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Background The increasing demand for food production has resulted in the use of large quantities of chemical fertilizers. This has created major environmental problems, such as increased ammonia volatilization, N2O emission, and nitrogen (N) leaching from agricultural soil. In particular, the utilization rate of N fertilizer is low in subtropical southern parts of China due to high rainfall. This causes not only large financial losses in agriculture, but also serious environmental pollution. Methods In this study, 16S rDNA-based analysis and static-chamber gas chromatography were used to elucidate the effects of continuous straw biochar application on the N pool and bacteria environment in two typical soil types, purple and paddy soils, in southern China. Results Straw biochar application (1) improved the soil N pool in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils; (2) significantly reduced the emission of N2O, with no difference in emission between 1 and 2 years of application; (3) increased the abundance of N-processing bacteria in the soil and altered the bacterial community structure; and (4) improved the tobacco yield and N use efficiency in paddy soil. These findings suggest that, in southern China, the application of straw biochar can promote N transformation in purple and paddy soils and reduce the emission of the greenhouse gas N2O.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils

Shen

Niu

Yan

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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“…In some cases, the abundance and activity of O 2 ‐sensitive reductases (e.g., nosZ‐encoded bacteria) could be affected by EMC‐induced anaerobic condition and so accelerate the completion of denitrification (Harter et al, ). It was consistent with the results that the addition of biochars with EMC to soils also increased nosZ gene abundance (N 2 O → N 2 ) or nosZ/nirS + nirK in acid soils (Harter et al, ; Duan, Zhang, Zhang, Wu, & Xiong, ). Due to the designed extraction procedures, we can distinguish the effects of two types of EMC (i.e., AeC and DOC) on the microbial utilization efficiency for the process of N 2 O to N 2 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Easily mineralizable carbon in manure‐based biochar added to a soil influences N₂O emissions and microbial‐N cycling genes

Dai

Zhang

et al. 2018

Land Degrad Dev

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Manure‐based biochar is an effective amendment to increase both carbon sequestration and the fertility of degraded soils, whereas the responses of N2O emissions and microbial‐N cycling genes to its application and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, four biochars were produced under two pyrolysis temperatures (300 and 700°C) and with two organic C extraction procedures (water and acetone extraction). The resulting biochars were either with relative enrichment or depletion in easily mineralizable carbon (EMC) compared with recalcitrant C. We added biochars, with urea and sodium nitrate, to a degraded red soil and incubated the amended soils at moisture levels of 60% and 130% field capacity. All the biochars decreased nitrification gene abundance, that is, amoA. Biochars with EMC had greater stimulatory effects on the abundance of denitrification genes (nirK, nirS, and nosZ) and N2O emission, regardless of moisture level and N form, compared with biochar without EMC. Biochar‐induced microbial activity, biochar aliphatics, and alkyl groups correlated positively with N2O emission and denitrification gene abundance. The water dissolved organic C of biochar facilitated the conversion of N2O to N2, whereas the acetone extractable C fraction postponed the completion of denitrification. In conclusion, the N2O emission and denitrification gene abundance increased with decreasing biochar aromaticity and increasing EMC content. Our study emphasizes that the EMC supply in manure‐based biochars also importantly mediates soil N2O emission and microbial N cycling genes, adding to current understanding of influencing factors such as biochar pH, porosity, N availability, and redox property.

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“…Chlorella vulgaris hydrochars readily released the labile C and N pool to the soil, which possibly stimulates the activity of nitrobacteria and denitrobacteria. Similar results were reported in previous studies using other biochars (Duan et al, 2018;Senbayram et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019). Furthermore, the expression of nosZ was increased by CVP but was inhibited by CVHW and CVHCA (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, these controversial results also indicate that biochar application can potentially promote NH3 volatilization (Sun et al, 2017;Feng et al, 2018b;H. Sun et al, 2019b) or N2O emissions (Duan et al, 2018;Senbayram et al, 2019;, depending on different properties of soil or feedstock of biochars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae-derived hydrochar application on rice paddy soil: Higher rice yield but increased gaseous nitrogen loss

Chu

Xue

Cheng

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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Hydrothermal carbonization represents a promising technique for transforming microalgae into the hydrochar with abundant phytoavailable nutrients. However, the effects of microalgae-derived hydrochars on the gaseous nitrogen (N) loss from agricultural field are still unclear. Chlorella vulgaris powder (CVP) and two Chlorella vulgaris-derived hydrochars that employ water (CVHW) or citrate acid solution (CVHCA) as the reaction medium were applied to a soil column system grown with rice. The temporal variations of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and ammonia (NH3) volatilization were monitored during the whole rice-growing season. Results showed that CVHW and CVHCA addition significantly increased the grain yield (by 13.5-26.8% and 10.5-23.4%) compared with control and CVP group, while concomitantly increasing the ammonia volatilization (by 53.8% and 72.9%) as well as N2O emissions (by 2.17-and 2.82-fold) from paddy soil compared to control. The microbial functional genes (AOA, AOB, nirk, nirS, nosZ) in soil indicated that CVHW and CVHCA treatment stimulated the nitrification and denitrification, and inhibited the N2O oxidation in soil. Notably, CVHW was recommended in the view of improving yield and controlling NH3 volatilization because no significant difference of the yield-scale NH3 volatilization was detected between control and CVHW treatment. This study for the first time uncovered that Chlorealla vulgaris-derived hydrochars have positive effects on rice N utilization and growth but negative effects on the atmospheric environment.

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Field-aged biochar stimulated N2O production from greenhouse vegetable production soils by nitrification and denitrification

Cited by 101 publications

References 59 publications

Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils

Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils

Easily mineralizable carbon in manure‐based biochar added to a soil influences N₂O emissions and microbial‐N cycling genes

Microalgae-derived hydrochar application on rice paddy soil: Higher rice yield but increased gaseous nitrogen loss

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Field-aged biochar stimulated N2O production from greenhouse vegetable production soils by nitrification and denitrification

Cited by 101 publications

References 59 publications

Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils

Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils

Easily mineralizable carbon in manure‐based biochar added to a soil influences N2O emissions and microbial‐N cycling genes

Microalgae-derived hydrochar application on rice paddy soil: Higher rice yield but increased gaseous nitrogen loss

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Easily mineralizable carbon in manure‐based biochar added to a soil influences N₂O emissions and microbial‐N cycling genes