Field and postharvest biology of dendritic spot and stem end rot of mango

Abstract

Fruit bagging experiments were carried out on Kensington Pride (KP) and R2E2 cultivars of mango to investigate the time of infection of dendritic spot and stem end rot. The fruit were bagged at four different growth stages. The results showed that fruit bagged at golf ball size which remained bagged until harvest had low incidence of dendritic spot and stem end rot.Higher incidence was observed in the fruit which were bagged close to harvest and the unbagged control fruit. It was concluded from the results that pathogens invade the fruit at an early growth stage and fruit protection at this stage of growth can help in minimizing postharvest disease incidence.The effect of conventional and improved orchard practices on the management of anthracnose and stem end rot was also studied. The experiment was carried out in Pakistan.Three districts of Punjab province of Pakistan were selected for the study. The fruit of Chaunsa cultivar of mango were collected from growers" conventional practice blocks and ASLP (Agriculture Sector Linkages Program) improved practice blocks. In the conventional practice blocks, there was irregular application of foliar and pesticides sprays, non-consistent use of fertilizers with a minimum use of cultural practices such as irrigation, pruning, weeding and soil nutrition analysis, use of recommended foliar sprays of fungicides for disease management at different fruit growth stages, pest management and nutrient management by annual application of NPK. Whereas, the improved practice blocks were maintained by cultural practices. A low incidence of anthracnose and stem end rot was observed in the fruit which was collected from the ASLP improved practice blocks as iii compared to the incidence observed in the fruit collected from the conventional practices blocks.Postharvest application of exogenous ethylene on mature fruit to induce uniform skin colour and ripening and hot fungicide dips to minimize postharvest disease incidence are common practices used by Australian mango growers. Early fruit ripening facilitated by exogenous ethylene is helpful in early fruit marketability, but it can result in higher disease incidence in case of prolonged fruit storage or higher fruit storage temperature. The effect of exogenous ethylene and hot fungicide dip with fludioxonil was investigated when both treatments were applied on the fruit alone and in combination with each other. The results showed that the application of exogenous ethylene alone caused higher incidence of dendritic spot and stem end rot when the fruit received frequent rainfall during the growing season. This higher incidence of both dendritic spot and stem end rot could also be because of accelerated fruit ripening and decline in fruit resistance. But, when low or no rainfall was received during the season, a low incidence of dendritic spot and stem end rot was observed when the exogenous ethylene was applied on the mature fruit. Fruit hot-dipped in the fungicide fludioxonil followed by the exogenous ethylene had zero to minimum inciden...

In vitro antifungal efficacy of selected essential oils in controlling fungi associated with the stem-end rot disease of mango (cv. Karutha Colomban) fruits and characterisation of antifungal components

“…Botryodiplodia theobromae), Neofusicoccum parvum (syn. Dothiorella dominicana), N. mangiferae (syn D. mangiferae), Phomopsis mangiferae, Pestalotiopsis mangiferae and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ( Abeywickrama, 2006;Jabeen, 2016;Ekanayake, 2017).…”

Pre and postharvest assessment of mango anthracnose incidence and severity in the north of Côte d’Ivoire

“…Fruits were collected using sharp secateurs and collection baskets. These fruits were labeled and brought to the packing shed for further processing (Jabeen, 2016). They were washed in soapy water then rinsed three times with fresh water and air dried.…”

Impact of Twig-Tip Dieback on Leaf Nutrient Status and Resorption Efficiency of Mango Trees

“…However, plant diseases pose a significant threat to maintaining or increasing mango production in the NT. Plant diseases can significantly reduce farm profitability owing to yield losses, higher production costs, and poorer crop quality [2][3][4]. Some of the common mango diseases in the NT include anthracnose [5], stem end rot [2,6], resin canal discoloration [3,7], and sudden decline or common dieback [8][9][10].…”