Field demonstration of surfactant-enhanced solubilization of DNAPL at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware

Childs, Jeffrey D.; Acosta, Edgar; Annable, Michael D.; Brooks, Michael C.; Enfield, Carl G.; Harwell, Jeffrey H.; Hasegawa, Mark; Knox, Robert C.; Rao, P. Suresh C.; Sabatini, David A.; Shiau, Bor-Jier; Szekeres, Erika; Wood, A. Lynn

doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2005.08.008

Cited by 69 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…mass remaining), which resulted in a decreased surface area available for dissolution. Similar behavior has been observed in a number of studies, where mass removal efficiency has decreased with extended aggressive mass removal approaches (MacDonald and Kavanaugh 1994, Londergan et al 2001, Childs et al 2006, Stroo et al 2012). …”

Section: Results Of Source Zone Mass Removal From Multicomponent Hetesupporting

confidence: 85%

Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response

Abriola¹,

Miller²,

Pennell³

et al. 2013

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY)2. REPORT TYPE SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTThe overarching goal of this research is to develop and demonstrate a comprehensive approach for field characterization of DNAPL source zones which quantifies the key features that control plume response. Here the intent is to integrate targeted (local-scale) in situ tests with transect-based observations of downstream contaminant flux or concentration and information on subsurface geologic variability. To address its primary goal, the research encompasses the following specific objectives: (1) identification of the most information rich metrics for linking NAPL architecture to plume response; (2) development and refinement of in situ test methods and modeling tools that can be used to quantify identified metrics in targeted regions of the source zone; (3) integration of these metrics and tools with current machine learning characterization methods for an overall source zone assessment protocol; and (4) development of simplified models for prediction of plume response. The research approach integrates batch, column and aquifer cell experiments with mathematical modeling and data processing tools to identify and quantify features of the DNAPL architecture controlling down gradient plume response. SUBJECT TERMSField characterization; Metric identification; DNAPL; SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF:No classified information

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Section: Results Of Source Zone Mass Removal From Multicomponent Hetesupporting

confidence: 85%

Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response

Abriola¹,

Miller²,

Pennell³

et al. 2013

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“…For example, Suchomel and Pennell (2006) conducted flow-cell experiments to examine the impact of surfactant-enhanced solubilization on mass-fluxreduction/mass-removal behavior. Several examples of end-point analyses based on field studies have recently been reported (Brooks et al, 2004;Childs et al, 2006;McGuire et al, 2006;Brusseau et al, 2007). The end-point analysis approach provides critical information for evaluating the impact of a source-zone remediation effort on mass flux.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass-removal and mass-flux-reduction behavior for idealized source zones with hydraulically poorly-accessible immiscible liquid

et al. 2008

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A series of flow-cell experiments was conducted to investigate aqueous dissolution and massremoval behavior for systems wherein immiscible liquid was non-uniformly distributed in physically heterogeneous source zones. The study focused specifically on characterizing the relationship between mass flux reduction and mass removal for systems for which immiscible liquid is poorly accessible to flowing water. Two idealized scenarios were examined, one wherein immiscible liquid at residual saturation exists within a lower-permeability unit that resides in a higher-permeability matrix, and one wherein immiscible liquid at higher saturation (a pool) exists within a higherpermeability unit adjacent to a lower-permeability unit. The results showed that significant reductions in mass flux occurred at relatively moderate mass-removal fractions for all systems. Conversely, minimal mass flux reduction occurred until a relatively large fraction of mass (>80%) was removed for the control experiment, which was designed to exhibit ideal mass removal. In general, mass flux reduction was observed to follow an approximately one-to-one relationship with mass removal. Two methods for estimating mass-flux-reduction/mass-removal behavior, one based on system-indicator parameters (ganglia-to-pool ratio) and the other a simple mass-removal function, were used to evaluate the measured data. The results of this study illustrate the impact of poorly accessible immiscible liquid on mass-removal and mass-flux processes, and the difficulties posed for estimating mass-flux-reduction/mass-removal behavior.

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“…Wang and Mulligan ( 2004 ) recommended the use of 'surfactant foam technology' to improve contaminant removal effi ciency and cost-effectiveness of a current pump-and-treat system. At the Dover national test site, Delaware, a surfactant-based fl ood (sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate, isopropanol, and calcium chloride) significantly reduced the tetrachloroethylene (TCE) concentrations (80 %) within 800 h in a pump-and-treat system (Childs et al 2006 ). Utilizing a pilot-scale pumping system, Wei et al ( 2010 ) successfully demonstrated effective remediation (50-99 %) of groundwater polluted with chlorinated organic mixtures by employing nanoscale zero-valent iron (ZVI).…”

Section: Pump-and-treatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex-Situ Remediation Technologies for Environmental Pollutants: A Critical Perspective

Kuppusamy

Thavamani

Megharaj

et al. 2016

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Pollution and the global health impacts from toxic environmental pollutants are presently of great concern. At present, more than 100 million people are at risk from exposure to a plethora of toxic organic and inorganic pollutants. This review is an exploration of the ex-situ technologies for cleaning-up the contaminated soil, groundwater and air emissions, highlighting their principles, advantages, deficiencies and the knowledge gaps. Challenges and strategies for removing different types of contaminants, mainly heavy metals and priority organic pollutants, are also described.

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Field demonstration of surfactant-enhanced solubilization of DNAPL at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware

Cited by 69 publications

References 28 publications

Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response

Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response

Mass-removal and mass-flux-reduction behavior for idealized source zones with hydraulically poorly-accessible immiscible liquid

Ex-Situ Remediation Technologies for Environmental Pollutants: A Critical Perspective

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