Field Efficacy Assessment of Transgenic Roundup Ready Wheat

Hong-bin, Zhou; Berg, J. D.; Blank, Sven; Chay, Catherine; Chen, G.; Eskelsen, Steve; Fry, Joyce; Hoi, S.; Hu, Tianci; Isakson, Paul J.; Lawton, Mark B.; Metz, S. G.; Rempel, Claudete; Ryerson, D. K.; Sansone, Antonella; Shook, A. L.; Starke, Robert J.; Tichota, J. M.; Valenti, Stephen A.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2003.1072

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Only over the last 3 years considerable progress has been made in transformation of wheat aimed at improving its agronomical traits (Bhalla et al 2006). Genetically modified (GM) wheat varieties for glyphosate tolerance (Zhou et al 2003), Fusarium resistance (applied since 2002 by Syngenta to the European Commission, European Commission Joint Research Centre 2006) or drought resistance (CIMMYT 2004) are being developed and field-tested. There is concern that once transgenic wheat is released for commercial production, there will be a potential pollen flow from GM wheat to non-GM wheat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat pollen dispersal under semiarid field conditions: potential outcrossing with Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum

Loureiro¹,

Escorial²,

González‐Andújar

et al. 2007

Euphytica

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Isolation distance is the main barrier to crop-to-crop gene-flow. A 3-year study assessed the maximum potential outcrossing under field conditions between two wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) and between wheat and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). Outcrossing was measured by seed set on emasculated recipient plants placed at four sides with different distances from a 3 m · 3 m T. aestivum (cultivar Chinese Spring) pollen source. Frequencies of seed set at 0 m distance were 45% (37-56%) for T. aestivum cultivars and 18% (5-30%) with T. turgidum. These values agree with hybridization in non-limiting pollen conditions measured by manual crosses in greenhouse. The number of pollen grains and the outcrossing frequencies decreased at increasing distances influenced by the prevailing wind direction. Under semiarid conditions of this assay, viable pollen was found 14 m from the pollen source, with a maximum distance of 8 m at which crosspollination decreases below 1%. Ambient conditions affect pollen viability, hybridization and pollen dispersal. Data presented in this paper emphasize the major role played by environmental conditions in outcrossing. Data obtained in one area may therefore not coincide with the prevailing situation in different locations and climates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat pollen dispersal under semiarid field conditions: potential outcrossing with Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum

Loureiro¹,

Escorial²,

González‐Andújar

et al. 2007

Euphytica

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“…Glyphosate resistance has been incorporated into wheat, and field evaluations have confirmed excellent tolerance to glyphosate applied at recommended doses for broad spectrum weed control (Blackshaw and Harker 2002;Zhou et al 2003). In the event of glyphosate-resistant wheat being commercialized, it is important to address relevant agronomic questions about this technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadleaf Herbicide Effects on Clethodim and Quizalofop-P Efficacy on Volunteer Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

et al. 2006

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Field experiments were conducted at three locations in 2003 and 2004 to examine clethodim and quizalofop-P efficacy on spring wheat seedlings when applied alone or in tank mixtures with herbicides used to control broadleaf weeds. Clethodim at the recommended rate of 30 g/ha reduced spring wheat biomass by 63 to 98% and was only >90% in three of six site years. In contrast, quizalofop-P at the recommended rate of 36 g/ha reduced wheat biomass >90% in all cases. Clethodim or quizalofop-P could be tank mixed with 2,4-D ester, bromoxynil, or bromoxynil plus MCPA ester with little risk of reduced efficacy on wheat. However, 2,4-D amine was highly antagonistic to both herbicides. The commercial mixture of thifensulfuron plus tribenuron reduced clethodim, but not quizalofop-P, efficacy on wheat. Herbicide options exist for simultaneous control of volunteer glyphosate-resistant canola and glyphosate-resistant wheat if the latter technology were to be commercialized in the future.

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“…Wheat has been successfully transformed to tolerate glyphosate (Hu et al 2003) at relatively high application rates (Blackshaw and Harker 2002;Zhou et al 2003). Weed control with glyphosate in GR wheat was similar or better than weed control with other commonly used herbicides in conventional wheat Harker 2002, Harker et al 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate-resistant wheat persistence in western Canadian cropping systems

Harker¹,

Clayton

Blackshaw

et al. 2005

Weed Science

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As a weed, wheat has recently gained greater profile. Determining wheat persistence in cropping systems will facilitate the development of effective volunteer wheat management strategies. In October of 2000, glyphosate-resistant (GR) spring wheat seeds were scattered on plots at eight western Canada sites. From 2001 to 2003, the plots were seeded to a canola–barley–field-pea rotation or a fallow–barley–fallow rotation, with five seeding systems involving seeding dates and soil disturbance levels, and monitored for wheat plant density. Herbicides and tillage (in fallow systems) were used to ensure that no wheat plants produced seed. Seeding systems with greater levels of soil disturbance usually had greater wheat densities. Volunteer wheat densities at 2 (2002) and 3 (2003) yr after seed dispersal were close to zero but still detectable at most locations. At the end of 2003, viable wheat seeds were not detected in the soil seed bank at any location. The majority of wheat seedlings were recruited in the year following seed dispersal (2001) at the in-crop, prespray (PRES) interval. At the PRES interval in 2001, across all locations and treatments, wheat density averaged 2.6 plants m−2. At the preplanting interval (PREP), overall wheat density averaged only 0.2 plants m−2. By restricting density data to include only continuous cropping, low-disturbance direct-seeding (LDS) systems, the latter mean dropped below 0.1 plants m−2. Only at one site were preplanting GR wheat densities sufficient (4.2 plants m−2) to justify a preseeding herbicide treatment in addition to glyphosate in LDS systems. Overall volunteer wheat recruitment at all spring and summer intervals in the continuous cropping rotation in 2001 was 1.7% (3.3 plants m−2). Despite the fact that volunteer wheat has become more common in the central and northern Great Plains, there is little evidence from this study to suggest that its persistence will be a major agronomic problem.

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Field Efficacy Assessment of Transgenic Roundup Ready Wheat

Cited by 57 publications

References 12 publications

Wheat pollen dispersal under semiarid field conditions: potential outcrossing with Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum

Wheat pollen dispersal under semiarid field conditions: potential outcrossing with Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum

Broadleaf Herbicide Effects on Clethodim and Quizalofop-P Efficacy on Volunteer Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Glyphosate-resistant wheat persistence in western Canadian cropping systems

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