Field efficacy of a 10 per cent pyriproxyfen spot‐on for the prevention of flea infestations on cats

Maynard, Laurence; Houffschmitt, P.; Lebreux, B.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2001.tb02454.x

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…On day 30, 49% of the pyriproxyfen treated cats were flea-free and this increased to 88% by day 180. Of the cats dosed with lufenuron, 30% and 71% of them were flea free at day 30 and 180, respectively [ 258 ]. Exposure of eggs and larvae to hair treated with 0.01 μg/kg AI completely inhibited development.…”

Section: Pest Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology and Ecology of Cat Fleas and Advancements in Their Pest Management: A Review

Rust

2017

Insects

114

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The cat flea Ctenocephalides felis felis (Bouché) is the most important ectoparasite of domestic cats and dogs worldwide. It has been two decades since the last comprehensive review concerning the biology and ecology of C. f. felis and its management. Since then there have been major advances in our understanding of the diseases associated with C. f. felis and their implications for humans and their pets. Two rickettsial diseases, flea-borne spotted fever and murine typhus, have been identified in domestic animal populations and cat fleas. Cat fleas are the primary vector of Bartonella henselae (cat scratch fever) with the spread of the bacteria when flea feces are scratched in to bites or wounds. Flea allergic dermatitis (FAD) common in dogs and cats has been successfully treated and tapeworm infestations prevented with a number of new products being used to control fleas. There has been a continuous development of new products with novel chemistries that have focused on increased convenience and the control of fleas and other arthropod ectoparasites. The possibility of feral animals serving as potential reservoirs for flea infestations has taken on additional importance because of the lack of effective environmental controls in recent years. Physiological insecticide resistance in C. f. felis continues to be of concern, especially because pyrethroid resistance now appears to be more widespread. In spite of their broad use since 1994, there is little evidence that resistance has developed to many of the on-animal or oral treatments such as fipronil, imidacloprid or lufenuron. Reports of the perceived lack of performance of some of the new on-animal therapies have been attributed to compliance issues and their misuse. Consequentially, there is a continuing need for consumer awareness of products registered for cats and dogs and their safety.

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Section: Pest Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology and Ecology of Cat Fleas and Advancements in Their Pest Management: A Review

Rust

2017

Insects

114

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“…In addition, several over the counter topical applications for the control of flea and tick infestation in dogs and cats contain pyriproxyfen (Michael, 2005). Pyriproxyfen protects cats from recurrence of flea infestation for about six months (Maynard et al, 2001) although it does not kill adult fleas and ticks. This is because pyriproxyfen is a potent juvenile hormone agonist and endocrine disruptor (Sullivan and Goh, 2008) that inhibits larval development and maturation (Meola et al, 2000) as a juvenile hormone III mimic (Wang et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The time- and age-dependent effects of the juvenile hormone analog pesticide, pyriproxyfen on Daphnia magna reproduction

Ginjupalli

Baldwin

2013

Chemosphere

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Pyriproxyfen is an insecticidal juvenile hormone analog that perturbs insect and tick development. Pyriproxyfen also alters parthenogenic reproduction in non-target cladoceran species as it induces male production that can lead to a decrease in fecundity, a reduction in population density, and subsequent ecological effects. In this study, we investigate the impacts of pyriproxyfen on Daphnia magna reproduction using a series of male production screening assays. These assays demonstrate that pyriproxyfen increases male production in a concentration-dependent fashion with an EC50 of 156 pM (50.24 ng L-1); a concentration considered environmentally relevant. Furthermore, pyriproxyfen decreases overall fecundity at all ages tested (7, 14, 21-d old female parthenogenic daphnids). Juvenile (3-d old) and reproductively mature (10-d old) female daphnids were also exposed to 155 pM pyriproxyfen for 2 – 12 d and reproduction measured for 16 d to compare the effects of short-term and prolonged exposures, and determine the potential for recovery. Results indicate that longer pyriproxyfen exposures (8–12 d) extend male production and decrease reproduction; however, daphnids exposed for only 2–4 d recover and produce a relatively normal abundance of neonates. In addition, juvenile daphnids are also very sensitive to pyriproxyfen, but the primary effect on juvenile daphnids is reduced reproduction and protracted development not male production. Taken together, continued use of pyriproxyfen around water bodies needs due caution because of its potential adverse effects with significant developmental delays and male production compounded by prolonged exposure.

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“…Pyriproxyfen, a potent juvenile hormone analog effectively inhibiting the development of fleas in the environment, would be the appropriate choice. This molecule prevents eggs from hatching, and the developmental stages from molting and ultimately checks C. felis proliferation in the environment [35, 36]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy between dinotefuran and fipronil against the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis): improved onset of action and residual speed of kill in adult cats

Delcombel

Karembe

Nare³

et al. 2017

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundThe cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis (C. felis), is a cosmopolitan hematophagous ectoparasite, and is considered to be the most prevalent flea species in both Europe and the USA. Clinical signs frequently associated with flea bites include pruritus, dermatitis and in severe cases even pyodermatitis and alopecia. Ctenocephalides felis is also a vector for several pathogens and is an intermediate host for the cestode Dipylidium caninum. Treatment of cats with a fast-acting pulicide, that is persistently effective in protecting the animal against re-infestation, is therefore imperative to their health. In addition, a rapid onset of activity (“speed of kill”) may also reduce the risks of disease transmission and flea allergic dermatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro insecticidal activity and potential synergism between dinotefuran and fipronil against C. felis. A further aim was to evaluate the onset of activity and residual speed of kill of the combination in vivo on cats artificially infested with C. felis. MethodsIn the first study, the insecticidal activity of dinotefuran and fipronil separately and dinotefuran/fipronil (DF) in combination, at a fixed ratio (2:1), was evaluated using an in vitro coated-vial bioassay. In the second study, the onset of activity against existing flea infestations and residual speed of kill of DF against artificial flea infestations on cats was assessed in vivo. Onset of activity against existing flea infestations was assessed in terms of knock-down effect within 2 h post-treatment and onset of speed of kill assessed at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h post-treatment. Residual speed of kill was evaluated 6 h and 48 h after infestation, over a period of six weeks post-treatment.ResultsIn vitro results revealed that the DF combination was synergistic and more potent against fleas than either compound alone. The combination also proved effective when tested in vivo. Efficacy was > 97% [geometric mean (GM) and arithmetic mean (AM)] at 3 h after treatment, and ≥ 99.8% (GM and AM) at 6 h and 12 h post-treatment. At 6 h after flea re-infestations, the efficacy of DF remained ≥ 90.8% (GM and AM) for up to 28 days, and at 42 days post-treatment persistent efficacy was still ≥ 54.3% (GM and AM). At 48 h after flea re-infestations, DF remained almost fully effective for up to 28 days, with efficacies ≥ 99.4% (GM and AM) and was persistently ≥ 93.0% (GM and AM) effective for up to 42 days post-treatment.ConclusionsThe combination of dinotefuran and fipronil in a single formulation exhibited strong synergistic insecticidal activity against C. felis in vitro, and also proved effective on artificially infested cats. This activity had a rapid onset that persisted for 6 weeks against re-infestations of C. felis on cats. The rapid curative insecticidal effect was observed as early as 3 h after treatment, and as early as 6 h after re-infestations for up to 6 weeks post-treatment. The insecticidal activity profile of DF makes it an optimal candidate for the protection of cats again...

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Field efficacy of a 10 per cent pyriproxyfen spot‐on for the prevention of flea infestations on cats

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

The Biology and Ecology of Cat Fleas and Advancements in Their Pest Management: A Review

The Biology and Ecology of Cat Fleas and Advancements in Their Pest Management: A Review

The time- and age-dependent effects of the juvenile hormone analog pesticide, pyriproxyfen on Daphnia magna reproduction

Synergy between dinotefuran and fipronil against the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis): improved onset of action and residual speed of kill in adult cats

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