Field emission effects of nitrogenated carbon nanotubes on chlorination and oxidation

Ray, S. C.; Palnitkar, Umesh; Pao, C. W.; Tsai, H. M.; Pong, W. F.; Lin, I‐Nan; Papakonstantinou, Pagona; Ganguly, Abhijit; Chen, L. C.; Chen, K. H.

doi:10.1063/1.2981090

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Fowler-Nordheim ( F - N ) plots (see supplementary material S1 ) clearly illustrate the threshold electric field or turn-on electric field ( E TOE ). The values of E TOE were obtained with linear in J-E A curve fitting in the high electric field region (shown in S1 ) and were found to increase from 26.5 V/μm (pure FLG) to 36.3 V/μm for FLG:H@50°C (whereas 64.4 V/μm is obtained for FLG:H@200°C) indicating that H-doping promotes the three-dimensional sp 3 bonding configuration 18 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Supported Graphone/Graphane Bilayer Nanostructure Material for Spintronics

Ray

Soin

Makgato

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

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We report an investigation into the magnetic and electronic properties of partially hydrogenated vertically aligned few layers graphene (FLG) synthesized by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The FLG samples are hydrogenated at different substrate temperatures to alter the degree of hydrogenation and their depth profile. The unique morphology of the structure gives rise to a unique geometry in which graphane/graphone is supported by graphene layers in the bulk, which is very different from other widely studied structures such as one-dimensional nanoribbons. Synchrotron based x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy measurements have been used to investigate the electronic structure and the underlying hydrogenation mechanism responsible for the magnetic properties. While ferromagnetic interactions seem to be predominant, the presence of antiferromagnetic interaction was also observed. Free spins available via the conversion of sp2 to sp3 hybridized structures, and the possibility of unpaired electrons from defects induced upon hydrogenation are thought to be likely mechanisms for the observed ferromagnetic orders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Supported Graphone/Graphane Bilayer Nanostructure Material for Spintronics

Ray

Soin

Makgato

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

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“…Due to unique mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties, these materials are not only an ideal candidate for many applications but also a very interesting material from a scientific point of view. Concerning industrial applications carbon nanotubes can be used, for example, as electron emitters, filtration membranes, drug carriers, energy containers, or catalyst supports [1][2][3][4][5][6]. A particular interest is connected with the application of carbon nanotubes as fillers for polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorination of Carbon Nanotubes Obtained on the Different Metal Catalysts

Pełech

Narkiewicz

et al. 2013

Journal of Nanomaterials

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In this paper, a chlorination method is proposed for simultaneous purification and functionalization of carbon nanotubes, thus increasing their ability to use. Carbon nanotubes were obtained by CVD method through ethylene decomposition on the nanocrystalline iron or cobalt or bimetallic iron-cobalt catalysts. The effects of temperature (50, 250, and 450°C) in the case of carbon nanotubes obtained on the Fe-Co catalyst and type of catalyst (Fe, Co, Fe/Co) on the effectiveness of the treatment and functionalization were tested. The phase composition of the samples was determined using the X-ray diffraction method. The quantitative analysis of metal impurity content was validated by means of the thermogravimetric analysis. Using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, and also Mohr titration method, the presence of chlorine species on the surface of chlorinated samples was confirmed.

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“…This model was then used to get the N-doped CNTs and further chlorine and oxygen functionalised N-doped CNTs systems. The densities, lengths and diameters are changed on chlorine-plasma/ oxygen-plasma treatment as described in our previous reports [19][20][21][22]. The magnetisation M-H hysteresis loop of NCNTs obtained at 300 K and 5 K is shown in Figure 2(a).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The dia/para/ferromagnetic behavioural change M-H loops and M FC /M ZFC measurements were measured at 5 K and 300 K, respectively using quantum design superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. The details preparation and different characterisation of functionalised (Cl/O)/non-functionalised of MW-NCNTs could be found elsewhere [19][20][21][22][23]. The computational calculations were carried out using DFT based B3LYP method and 6-31G (d) basis set combination implemented in Gaussian 09 software program [24].To generate the model we have used a small portion of a carbon nanotube and the dangling bonds were then saturated with hydrogen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change of magnetic behaviour of nitrogenated carbon nanotubes on chlorination/oxidation

Ray

Sitha

Papakonstantinou

2017

IJNT

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The magnetic effects of chlorine and oxygen functionalised NCNTs have been studied. The diamagnetic behaviour of non-functionalised NCNTs changes to paramagnetic behaviour on Cl-functionalisation; on O-functionalisation NCNTs become ferromagnetic. A prominent cusp-like behaviour is observed at around ≈45 K in M FC and M ZFC measurements, further confirming the ferromagnetic behaviour of O-functionalised NCNTs; but Cl-functionalised NCNTs do not shows any cusp-like behaviour indicating formation of paramagnetic behaviour. The change of magnetic behaviour occurs owing to formation of different bonding with carbon/nitrogen and/or Fe-catalyst atoms that is verified with theoretical calculation. The initial computational results show that the differential bonding patterns of the Cl-functionalised and the O-functionalised NCNTs are the main cause for the different magnetic behaviour in these systems.

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Field emission effects of nitrogenated carbon nanotubes on chlorination and oxidation

Abstract: Articles you may be interested inImproved field-emission characteristics of a multiwalled carbon-nanotube cathode by argon plasma pretreatment and krypton-fluoride laser irradiation Field emission properties of plasma treated multiwalled carbon nanotube cathode layers

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Graphene Supported Graphone/Graphane Bilayer Nanostructure Material for Spintronics

Graphene Supported Graphone/Graphane Bilayer Nanostructure Material for Spintronics

Chlorination of Carbon Nanotubes Obtained on the Different Metal Catalysts

Change of magnetic behaviour of nitrogenated carbon nanotubes on chlorination/oxidation

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